Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud. Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH).
Instituto del Deporte. Universidad de las Américas.
Nutr Hosp. 2022 Oct 17;39(5):1004-1011. doi: 10.20960/nh.04061.
Objectives: the present study examined the association of physical activity, muscular strength, and obesity indicators with self-concept in Chilean children. Methods: this cross-sectional study included 1078 Chilean children (mean age: 9.1 years [standard deviation: 1.1]; 598 boys). Physical activity was evaluated using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Upper and lower limb strength was evaluated using a digital dynamometer and standing long jump performance, respectively. The general strength index was calculated based on z-score values. Obesity indicators used were height, weight, body mass index, and body fat. The self-concept test was used to determine the academic, social, emotional, family, physical self-concept dimensions and total self-concept of children. Results: the mean total self-concept was 3.3 (standard deviation: 0.5). Physical activity was associated with academic (β: 0.32; p = 0.03), social (β: 0.24; p = 0.04), family (β: 0.13; p = 0.01), physical (β: 0.46; p = 0.01) self-concept dimensions and total self-concept (β: 0.22; p = 0.01), regardless of sex and age. Upper limb strength and general strength index were negatively associated with academic self-concept dimensions (β: -0.02; p = 0.01 and β: -0.13; p = 0.02) and total self-concept (β: -0.04; p = 0.01). Body weight and body mass index were negatively associated with academic (β: -0.01; p = 0.01 and β: -0.01; p = 0.02) and physical self-concept dimensions (β: -0.03; p = 0.03). Conclusions: these findings suggest that physical activity is positively related with self-concept. Thus, physical activity and self-percept must be considered as an essential social cognitive perspective to provide suitable mental health in children.
本研究旨在探讨智利儿童的身体活动、肌肉力量和肥胖指标与自我概念之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 1078 名智利儿童（平均年龄：9.1 岁[标准差：1.1]；598 名男孩）。身体活动使用儿童体力活动问卷进行评估。上肢和下肢力量分别使用数字测力计和立定跳远成绩进行评估。一般力量指数根据 z 分数值计算。使用身高、体重、体重指数和体脂率来评估肥胖指标。使用自我概念测试来确定儿童的学业、社会、情感、家庭、身体自我概念维度和总体自我概念。
平均总自我概念得分为 3.3（标准差：0.5）。身体活动与学业（β：0.32；p = 0.03）、社会（β：0.24；p = 0.04）、家庭（β：0.13；p = 0.01）、身体（β：0.46；p = 0.01）自我概念维度和总体自我概念（β：0.22；p = 0.01）有关，与性别和年龄无关。上肢力量和一般力量指数与学业自我概念维度（β：-0.02；p = 0.01 和 β：-0.13；p = 0.02）和总体自我概念（β：-0.04；p = 0.01）呈负相关。体重和体重指数与学业（β：-0.01；p = 0.01 和 β：-0.01；p = 0.02）和身体自我概念维度（β：-0.03；p = 0.03）呈负相关。
这些发现表明，身体活动与自我概念呈正相关。因此，身体活动和自我认知必须被视为一个重要的社会认知视角，以提供儿童适宜的心理健康。
