Hossain Mohammad Belal, Miazie Md Robel, Nur As-Ad Ujjaman, Paul Shyamal Kumar, Bakar Muhammad Abu, Paray Bilal Ahamad, Arai Takaomi
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
Toxics. 2022 Sep 14;10(9):536. doi: 10.3390/toxics10090536.
Heavy metal accumulation in aquaculture farms has become a major problem due to the widespread use of artificial feed to enhance fish productivity. To estimate the contamination level and identify metal sources, we investigated the amounts of seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Mn) in the surface water of commercial fresh water aquaculture farms in a south Asian tropical coastal area. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used to analyze 36 water samples from 12 commercial fish farms. The results demonstrated that the range of three heavy metals were detected in a decreasing order of Mn (0.0574−0.4100 mg.L−1) > Zn (0.0125−0.3250 mg.L−1) > Cu (0.0275−0.085 mg.L−1). In all samples, the remaining four heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni) were below the detectable level (BDL). Except for Mn, the amounts of the metals examined were below WHO and USEPA guideline values. According to the findings, the levels were found to be safe for drinking, agriculture production, and aquaculture. There was no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between heavy metal concentrations and water quality parameters, indicating that pollution came from diverse sources and that no single factor was controlling their levels. Furthermore, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences in the mean metal values among the fish farms (p > 0.05). Multivariate analyses (CA and PCA) demonstrated the association and sources of metal in the study area. Although metal levels were not beyond the threshold limit, it is recommended that suitable measures and continuous monitoring should be undertaken to reduce heavy metal pollution in aquaculture farms and prevent water quality degradation.
由于广泛使用人工饲料来提高鱼类产量，重金属在水产养殖场的积累已成为一个主要问题。为了估计污染水平并确定金属来源，我们调查了南亚热带沿海地区商业淡水养殖场地表水 中七种重金属（铜、锌、铅、镉、铬、镍和锰）的含量。采用原子吸收光谱法（AAS）分析了 12 个商业养鱼场的 36 个水样。结果表明，检测到的三种重金属含量范围从高到低依次为锰（0.0574−0.4100 毫克/升）>锌（0.0125−0.3250 毫克/升）>铜（0.0275−0.085 毫克/升）。在所有样本中，其余四种重金属（铅、镉、铬和镍）低于检测限（BDL）。除锰外，所检测金属的含量均低于世界卫生组织（WHO）和美国环境保护局（USEPA）的指导值。根据研究结果，这些水平对于饮用、农业生产和水产养殖来说是安全的。重金属浓度与水质参数之间没有显著相关性（p>0.05），这表明污染来自多种来源，没有单一因素控制它们的水平。此外，方差分析（ANOVA）显示养鱼场之间的平均金属值没有显著差异（p>0.05）。多变量分析（CA 和 PCA）表明了研究区域内金属的关联和来源。尽管金属含量未超过阈值，但建议采取适当措施并持续监测，以减少水产养殖场的重金属污染，防止水质恶化。
