Ranjbarnia Behzad, Kamelifar Mohammad Javad, Masoumi Houshmand
Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran.
Tabriz Metropolis Municipality, Tabriz 5174643119, Iran.
Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Aug 23;10(9):1603. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10091603.
Objective: To augment the international scientific approach to raising public mental health through active lifestyle among adults, we added the evidence of the association between physical activity and subjective wellbeing in the Middle East and North Africa region by emphasizing the mediator—COVID-19. This study aimed to identify the correlations between active mobility and subjective wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample from Tabriz, Iran, which has not yet been tackled in previous study. Methods: We finalized an online survey (N = 603) from adults between 5 June and 15 July 2021. This group reported their individual and socio-economic characteristics and their perception features and location (e.g., home, work) during COVID-19. The paper developed three ordinal logistic regression (OLR) models to examine the association between active mobility types such as commute, non-commute, frequency of active travel to parks and services per week, and different subjective wellbeing including: 1- life satisfaction, 2- feeling energetic, and 3- peaceful mind while controlling for socio-economic variables (e.g., age, gender, education, job, and income) and objective commute distance. We also incorporated the most relevant objective (street length, land-use mix, number of intersections, and building and population density) and subjective (perceived distance to different services, perceived walking places, and perceived facilities attractiveness) factors. Results: Positive response relationships between four types of physical activity levels and subjective wellbeing scores were demonstrated in all of the three developed models (with significant levels of 0.05, and 0.1) with appropriate model fits, which confirmed the existing literature. However, these relationships showed different patterns (varied significant levels) for each type of subjective wellbeing. In addition, the factors including street length (p value: 0.004), perceived walkable places (p value: 0.021, 0.068, 0.017, and 0.025) (positively), population density, and perceived distance to shopping malls (p value: 0.076, <0.0001, and 0.059 (negatively) were associated with different indicators of subjective wellbeing. Conclusion: As for the implication of our study, special actions by urban authorities such as increasing mixed-use and creating attractive places will be required to enhance the walkability of the neighborhoods. Moreover, notifying the adults regarding the benefits of physical activity is much more needed.
为了通过成年人积极的生活方式增强提升公众心理健康的国际科学方法,我们通过强调中介因素——新冠疫情,补充了中东和北非地区身体活动与主观幸福感之间关联的证据。本研究旨在确定伊朗大不里士样本中新冠疫情期间主动出行与主观幸福感之间的相关性,此前的研究尚未涉及这一内容。方法:我们在2021年6月5日至7月15日期间完成了一项针对成年人的在线调查(N = 603)。该群体报告了他们的个人和社会经济特征,以及他们在新冠疫情期间的感知特征和地点(如家庭、工作场所)。本文建立了三个有序逻辑回归(OLR)模型,以检验主动出行类型(如通勤、非通勤、每周前往公园和服务场所的主动出行频率)与不同主观幸福感之间的关联,不同主观幸福感包括:1 - 生活满意度,2 - 感到精力充沛,3 - 心态平和,同时控制社会经济变量(如年龄、性别、教育程度、工作和收入)以及客观通勤距离。我们还纳入了最相关的客观因素(街道长度、土地利用混合度、十字路口数量以及建筑和人口密度)和主观因素(到不同服务场所的感知距离、感知步行场所和感知设施吸引力)。结果:在所有三个建立的模型中(显著性水平为0.05和0.1),四种身体活动水平与主观幸福感得分之间均呈现出积极的响应关系,模型拟合良好,这证实了现有文献。然而,这些关系在每种主观幸福感类型中呈现出不同的模式(不同的显著性水平)。此外,包括街道长度(p值:0.004)、感知可步行场所(p值:0.021、0.068、0.017和0.025)(呈正相关)、人口密度以及到购物中心的感知距离(p值:0.076、<0.0001和0.059(呈负相关))等因素与主观幸福感的不同指标相关。结论:至于我们研究的意义,城市当局需要采取特殊行动,如增加混合用途和打造有吸引力的场所,以提高社区的步行便利性。此外,更需要告知成年人身体活动的益处。