Chng Samuel, White Mathew, Abraham Charles, Skippon Stephen
Psychology Applied to Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.
Psychology Applied to Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3 HD, United Kingdom.
Prev Med. 2016 Jul;88:182-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.04.014. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
To explore the relationships between commute mode, neighbourhood public transport connectivity and subjective wellbeing.
The study used data on 3630 commuters in London from wave two of Understanding Society (2010/11). Multivariate linear regressions were used to investigate how commute mode and neighbourhood public transport connectivity were associated with subjective wellbeing for all London commuters and for public transport commuters only. Subjective wellbeing was operationalized in terms of both a positive expression (life satisfaction measured by a global single-item question) and a more negative expression (mental distress measured by the General Health Questionnaire). Logistic regression was also used to explore the predictors of public transport over non-public transport commutes.
After accounting for potentially-confounding area-level and individual-level socioeconomic and commute-related variables, only walking commutes (but not other modes) were associated with significantly higher life satisfaction than car use but not with lower mental distress, compared to driving. While better public transport connectivity was associated with significantly lower mental distress in general, train users with better connectivity had higher levels of mental distress. Moreover, connectivity was unrelated to likelihood of using public transport for commuting. Instead, public transport commutes were more likely amongst younger commuters who made longer distance commutes and had comparatively fewer children and cars within the household.
The findings highlight the heterogeneity of relationships between commute mode, public transport connectivity and subjective wellbeing and have implications for intervention strategies and policies designed to promote commuting behaviour change.
探讨通勤方式、邻里公共交通可达性与主观幸福感之间的关系。
本研究使用了来自《理解社会》第二轮（2010/11年）的3630名伦敦通勤者的数据。采用多元线性回归来研究通勤方式和邻里公共交通可达性如何与所有伦敦通勤者以及仅公共交通通勤者的主观幸福感相关联。主观幸福感通过积极表达（用一个全球单项问题衡量的生活满意度）和更消极表达（用一般健康问卷衡量的心理困扰）来操作化。逻辑回归也被用于探索公共交通通勤相对于非公共交通通勤的预测因素。
在考虑了潜在混淆的地区层面和个人层面的社会经济及通勤相关变量后，与开车相比，只有步行通勤（而非其他方式）与显著更高的生活满意度相关，但与更低的心理困扰无关。虽然更好的公共交通可达性总体上与显著更低的心理困扰相关，但交通可达性更好的火车使用者心理困扰水平更高。此外，可达性与通勤使用公共交通的可能性无关。相反，公共交通通勤在年轻通勤者中更常见，他们通勤距离更长，家庭中孩子和汽车相对较少。
研究结果突出了通勤方式、公共交通可达性与主观幸福感之间关系的异质性，并对旨在促进通勤行为改变的干预策略和政策具有启示意义。
