Adams Jennifer P, Habenicht Daniel, Desai Sohum K
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Harlingen, TX, USA.
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Harlingen, TX, USA.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Sep 2;81:104440. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104440. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Dermoid cysts are rare lesions generally associated with embryological errors that occur during neural tube closure. Intramedullary lesions are extremely rare, especially within the upper thoracic spinal cord.
We report a case of a 19-year-old male who had an intramedullary thoracic dermoid cyst presenting with progressive ataxia, lower limb weakness, and hyperreflexia. MRI demonstrated a 1.2 × 1.8-cm intramedullary thoracic dermoid cyst causing significant spinal cord compression, which was successfully removed via full resection. The patient had an uncomplicated postoperative course, with improvement in preoperative deficits.
This is a unique case documenting a thoracic spinal cord intramedullary dermoid cyst not associated with trauma or congenital abnormality of the spinal cord.
We highlight the importance of future inclusion of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), an imaging modality that detects differences in cellularity of spinal cord lesions, for earlier diagnosis of dermoid cyst.
皮样囊肿是一种罕见的病变，通常与神经管闭合期间发生的胚胎学错误有关。髓内病变极为罕见，尤其是在上胸段脊髓内。
我们报告一例19岁男性，患有髓内胸段皮样囊肿，表现为进行性共济失调、下肢无力和反射亢进。磁共振成像（MRI）显示一个1.2×1.8厘米的髓内胸段皮样囊肿，导致严重的脊髓压迫，通过完全切除成功移除。患者术后过程顺利，术前缺陷有所改善。
这是一个独特的病例，记录了一例与脊髓创伤或先天性异常无关的胸段脊髓髓内皮样囊肿。
我们强调未来将扩散加权磁共振（MR）成像（DWI）与表观扩散系数（ADC）相结合的重要性，这是一种能够检测脊髓病变细胞密度差异的成像方式，有助于皮样囊肿的早期诊断。
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