Yemane Getahun Dejene
Department of Statistics, MSc. in Biostatistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Aug 23;81:104371. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104371. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Under-five mortality is a crucial sign of how well a country's healthcare system is performing. Despite a slight drop, Ethiopia's under-five mortality rate is still high in the nation's rural areas. So this study aimed to identify determinant factors of under-five mortality in rural Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional community-based survey was carried out. A total of 4414 weighted under-five children from nine geographical regions and one administrative city of Ethiopia were included in the EMDHS 2019 dataset by removing urban residents. The statistical program SPSS version 26 was used to examine the data. To determine if the dependent and independent variables are associated with one another, binary and multivariable logistic regression was utilized.
Out of 4414 total under-five children, 267(6%) of them were dead before the age of five years. Of all, 4414 (46.6%) respondents were from Tigray, Oromia, Amhara, and SNNP. Nearly Three-fourth of respondents were in the age group between 15-34 years (78%). The odd ratio of under-five mortality of Elementary school attended women was 0.31(AOR = 0.31, 95% CI= (0.16, 0.62)) times less likely than No educated women. Women who attended Secondary school was 0.09(AOR = 0.09, 95% CI= (0.05, 0.15)), Women who attended Higher school was 0.27(AOR = 0.09, 95% CI= (0.13, 0.58)) times less likely than women had no formal education.
Conclusion: From the current study the researcher Conclude that under-five mortality was very high in rural Ethiopia. The mothers' educational level, Ages of mothers, marital status, breastfeeding, birth type, Source of water, toilet facility and Place of delivery were major determinant factors of under-five mortality. This research suggests that encouraging women to birth in health facilities and expanding possibilities for mothers' education for rural residents will assist to lessen the burden of under-five mortality.
五岁以下儿童死亡率是衡量一个国家医疗保健系统表现的关键指标。尽管埃塞俄比亚的五岁以下儿童死亡率略有下降，但在该国农村地区仍然很高。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚农村地区五岁以下儿童死亡的决定因素。
开展了一项基于社区的横断面调查。通过剔除城市居民，2019年埃塞俄比亚微型人口与健康调查数据集纳入了来自埃塞俄比亚九个地理区域和一个行政城市的4414名加权五岁以下儿童。使用统计软件SPSS 26版对数据进行分析。为了确定因变量和自变量是否相互关联，采用了二元和多变量逻辑回归分析。
在4414名五岁以下儿童中，有267名（6%）在五岁前死亡。其中，4414名（46.6%）受访者来自提格雷、奥罗米亚、阿姆哈拉和南方各族州人民。近四分之三的受访者年龄在15至34岁之间（78%）。上过小学的妇女五岁以下儿童死亡率的比值比为0.31（调整后比值比=0.31，95%置信区间=（0.16，0.62）），低于未受过教育的妇女。上过中学的妇女为0.09（调整后比值比=0.09，95%置信区间=（0.05，0.15）），上过高等学校的妇女为0.27（调整后比值比=0.09，95%置信区间=（0.13，0.58）），低于未受过正规教育的妇女。
从当前研究中，研究人员得出结论，埃塞俄比亚农村地区五岁以下儿童死亡率非常高。母亲的教育水平、母亲年龄、婚姻状况、母乳喂养、分娩类型、水源、卫生设施和分娩地点是五岁以下儿童死亡的主要决定因素。本研究表明，鼓励妇女在卫生设施分娩并扩大农村居民母亲的教育机会将有助于减轻五岁以下儿童死亡的负担。
