Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Stomatological college of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2022 Aug 21;18(14):5369-5390. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.73949. eCollection 2022.
The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been increasing over the past few years. Although there are surgery, chemotherapy and other conventional treatment methods, the effect is not as expected. At present, immunotherapy has become the research frontier of cancer treatment, and CCA tumor microenvironment (TME) is becoming a hot exploration direction of immunobiology. TME can affect tumor progression through changes in metabolism, secretion and immunity. Accordingly, understanding the role played by immune cells and stromal cells in TME is important for the study of CCA immunotherapy. This review will discuss the interactions between immune cells (including CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, myeloid suppressor cells, mast cells, and neutrophils) and stromal cells (including cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells) in the TME of CCA. In addition, we will also discuss current research results on TME of CCA and recent advances in immunotherapy.
近年来，胆管癌（CCA）的发病率一直在上升。尽管有手术、化疗和其他常规治疗方法，但效果并不如预期。目前，免疫疗法已成为癌症治疗的研究前沿，CCA 肿瘤微环境（TME）正成为免疫生物学的热门探索方向。TME 可通过代谢、分泌和免疫的变化影响肿瘤进展。因此，了解免疫细胞和基质细胞在 TME 中所起的作用对于 CCA 免疫治疗的研究非常重要。这篇综述将讨论免疫细胞（包括 CD8 T 细胞、CD4 T 细胞、巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞、树突状细胞、髓源性抑制细胞、肥大细胞和中性粒细胞）和基质细胞（包括癌相关成纤维细胞、内皮细胞）在 CCA 的 TME 中的相互作用。此外，我们还将讨论 CCA 的 TME 目前的研究结果和免疫治疗的最新进展。
