National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
Department of Paediatric, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, Shaheed Benazirabad, Pakistan.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Jul;201(7):3553-3566. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03429-7. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
The current work is aimed to assess the impact of macronutrient and mineral contents in food products of packaged food, restaurant food, and street food in Hyderabad. The estimated daily intake of macronutrients and minerals, followed by the toxic risk assessment of microminerals by consuming studied food dishes, was also conducted. The collected products were freeze-dried and standard procedures for measuring macronutrients were followed. At the same time, the acid digestion method was used to prepare the solution for detecting minerals by atomic absorption spectrometry. The resulting data indicated that all the food dishes supplied 134-454 kcals/100 g. The chicken/meat and pulse food dishes of all three categories were enriched with protein except bhindi masala. All the food dishes have a massive variation in fat contents and differ based on the used quantity of hydrogenated oil during their preparations. A significant difference in the macro- and microminerals in studied food products was observed. However, all food dishes are a good supplementary source of fundamental nutrients, supplying the recommended daily allowances for adults. The estimated hazardous index (I) of microminerals in some street and restaurant food products (based on a survey) showed possible toxicity risk, especially for the workers of automechanic workshops (I > 1.00). Thus, it is concluded that the contaminated (cheap) raw materials and unhygienic conditions for preparing street and restaurant foods and hawking places (atmospheric pollution) are the significant sources of micromineral contamination.
本研究旨在评估海得拉巴市包装食品、餐厅食品和街头食品中宏量营养素和矿物质含量对食品的影响。我们还评估了通过食用这些食物菜肴估计的每日宏量营养素和矿物质摄入量，以及食用这些食物菜肴的微量元素的毒理风险评估。收集的产品经过冷冻干燥，然后遵循测量宏量营养素的标准程序。同时，采用酸消解法制备溶液，通过原子吸收光谱法检测矿物质。结果表明，所有菜肴的热量都在 134-454 千卡/100 克之间。除了菠菜咖喱外，所有三种类型的鸡肉/肉类和豆类菜肴都富含蛋白质。所有的食物都有大量的脂肪含量变化，这取决于在制作过程中使用氢化油的数量。在所研究的食品中，宏量和微量矿物质有显著差异。然而，所有的食物都是基本营养素的良好补充来源，为成年人提供了推荐的每日摄入量。根据调查，一些街头食品和餐厅食品中微量元素的估计危害指数（I）显示出可能的毒性风险，尤其是汽车修理工（I>1.00）。因此，可以得出结论，污染（廉价）的原材料和不卫生的街头食品和街头食品准备条件以及兜售场所（大气污染）是微量元素污染的重要来源。
