State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 10;855:158951. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158951. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Biological filtration has been widely used in wastewater treatment around the world, yet achieving satisfactory removal of pollutants remains a challenge due to the complexity of water pollution. In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological filtration from the perspective of research innovation, 5454 SCI papers and 14,287 patents collected from the Web of Science Core Collection and Derwent Innovation Index database were analyzed by visualization techniques. The results showed that China ranked first in the number of both papers and patents, while the USA and Japan contributed significantly in papers and patents, respectively. Co-occurrence analysis obtained the mapping knowledge domains and demonstrated distinct associations between contaminants ("nitrogen", "pharmaceuticals", "personal care products"), chemicals ("carbon", "activated carbon", "media"), process ("biodegradation", "adsorption" or "ozonation") and characteristics ("kinetics", "performance", "diversity"). Moreover, this review summarized the recent advances of biological filtration media, microorganism and combined process being applied. It was concluded that environmentally friendly biological filtration ("phytoremedi", "microalga", "recirculating aquaculture system"), bio-enhanced biological filtration ("bioaugment", "fungi", "low augment") and emerging pollutants ("emerging contamin", "antibiotic resistance gen", "organic micropollut", "trace organic chem") were the hotspots through data-driven analyses. Technology evolution path of biological filtration generally indicated the transition from conventional biological filtration for nitrogen and phosphorus removal to Fenton-biofiltration combined technology and finally to ozone-biological filtration. Furthermore, the technical innovation direction of the collaborative control of multi-media pollution, the low-carbon biological filtration and short-process technology was prospected. This work can serve as a quick reference for early-career researchers and industries working in the area of biological filtration.
生物过滤已在世界各地广泛应用于废水处理，但由于水污染的复杂性，实现污染物的令人满意的去除仍然是一个挑战。为了从研究创新的角度揭示生物过滤的热点和趋势，本研究采用可视化技术对来自 Web of Science 核心合集和 Derwent Innovation Index 数据库的 5454 篇 SCI 论文和 14287 项专利进行了分析。结果表明，中国在论文和专利数量上均排名第一，而美国和日本在论文和专利方面的贡献显著。共现分析获得了映射知识领域，并展示了污染物（"氮"、"药物"、"个人护理产品"）、化学品（"碳"、"活性炭"、"介质"）、工艺（"生物降解"、"吸附"或"臭氧化"）和特性（"动力学"、"性能"、"多样性"）之间的明显关联。此外，本综述总结了生物过滤介质、微生物和联合工艺的最新进展。研究结果表明，环保型生物过滤（"植物修复"、"微藻"、"循环水产养殖系统"）、生物增强型生物过滤（"生物增强"、"真菌"、"低增强"）和新兴污染物（"新兴污染物"、"抗生素抗性基因"、"有机微污染物"、"痕量有机化学物质"）是通过数据驱动分析得出的热点。生物过滤的技术演变路径一般表明，从传统的氮磷去除生物过滤到芬顿-生物过滤联合技术，最后到臭氧-生物过滤的转变。此外，还展望了多介质污染协同控制、低碳生物过滤和短流程技术的技术创新方向。这项工作可以为从事生物过滤领域的早期职业研究人员和行业提供快速参考。
