Department of Nursing, Wolkite University College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Sep 26;17(9):e0271680. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271680. eCollection 2022.
Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires lifelong medical treatment and lifestyle modifications. Even though patients often neglect their own needs, self-care is an important factor in preventing and delaying complications related to diabetes. There are limited studies about self-care practice, and most of the studies conducted in Ethiopia focused on some parts of the recommended self-care practice. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the self-care practice and associated factors among diabetic patients in Gurage zone, south Ethiopia.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 6 to March 29, 2021. A systematic sampling method was employed to select 420 study participants. The data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. All variables with P < 0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. The statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05.
A total of 384 diabetes patients participated with a response rate of 91.4%. This study showed that more than half (60.4%) of the study participants had poor self-care practices. Being female (AOR: 2.40; 95% CI:1.31-4.40), rural residence (AOR:7.16;95% CI: 3.31-15.46), duration of diabetes treatment 5-10 years (AOR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.1-0.11), duration of diabetes treatment ≥ 10 years (AOR:0.8; 95% CI: 0.03-0.21), haven't social support (AOR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.05-0.23), haven't got health education (AOR: 0.17,95%CI 0.09-0.32) were factors significantly associated with self-care practice.
Despite, the importance of diabetes self-care practice for the management of diabetes and preventing its complications, a high number of diabetes patients had poor self-care practices. Female, rural residence, duration of diabetes mellitus, lack of social support, and not get of health education were significantly associated with poor self-care practice. Therefore, health care providers should give attention to diabetic patients with the aforementioned factors that affect diabetic patients' self-care practices.
糖尿病是一种需要终身药物治疗和生活方式改变的慢性病。尽管患者常常忽视自身需求，但自我护理是预防和延缓与糖尿病相关并发症的重要因素。关于自我护理实践的研究有限，而在埃塞俄比亚进行的大多数研究都集中在推荐的自我护理实践的某些部分。因此，本研究旨在评估 Gurage 地区糖尿病患者的自我护理实践及其相关因素。
这是一项 2021 年 2 月 6 日至 3 月 29 日进行的基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统抽样法选取 420 名研究对象。使用经过预测试的访谈者管理问卷收集数据。在双变量逻辑回归分析中 P<0.25 的所有变量均被纳入多变量逻辑回归分析。以 P 值<0.05 表示统计学意义。
共有 384 名糖尿病患者参与了研究，应答率为 91.4%。本研究表明，超过一半（60.4%）的研究参与者自我护理实践较差。女性（OR：2.40；95%CI：1.31-4.40）、农村居住（OR：7.16；95%CI：3.31-15.46）、糖尿病治疗 5-10 年（OR：0.03；95%CI：0.1-0.11）、糖尿病治疗≥10 年（OR：0.8；95%CI：0.03-0.21）、缺乏社会支持（OR：0.10；95%CI：0.05-0.23）、未接受健康教育（OR：0.17，95%CI 0.09-0.32）是与自我护理实践显著相关的因素。
尽管糖尿病自我护理实践对糖尿病的管理和预防并发症很重要，但仍有大量糖尿病患者自我护理实践较差。女性、农村居住、糖尿病病程、缺乏社会支持和未接受健康教育与较差的自我护理实践显著相关。因此，医疗保健提供者应关注存在上述影响糖尿病患者自我护理实践因素的糖尿病患者。
