Wolderufael Meklit, Dereje Nebiyu
Department of Medicine, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Jan 6;14:1-9. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S287352. eCollection 2021.
Diabetes is a global public health threat with a considerably high burden in low- and middle-income countries. The application of self-care practice by people living with diabetes helps to manage diabetes and its complications, and to lengthen their life. However, the level of diabetes self-care practice in Ethiopia is very low.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among people living with type 2 diabetes who were on follow-up from January 01 to 31, 2019 at Yekatit 12 Hospital. A systematic sampling technique was employed to recruit 354 study participants. A face-to-face interview was administered by trained data collectors using a structured questionnaire. Diabetes self-care practice was assessed by using Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. Multi-variable binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with diabetes self-care practice.
More than half (52.0%, 95% CI: 49.9% - 57.1%) of the people living with diabetes had poor diabetes self-care practice. Poor self-care practice was associated with being unemployed and retired (AOR= 3.57, 95% CI 1.65-7.72), having diabetes for ≥10 years (AOR= 1.78, 95% CI 1.07-2.95), having comorbidity (AOR= 2.15, 95% CI 1.35-3.43), not owning glucometer (AOR= 1.81, 95% CI 1.16-2.83), not receiving diabetes education (AOR= 1.95, 95% CI 1.20-3.18) and dissatisfaction with social support (AOR= 4.24, 95% CI 1.25-14.40).
Poor self-care practice was found to be substantial among people living with diabetes in Addis Ababa, with self-monitoring of blood glucose and regular exercise being the least performed. It is beneficial to focus more on lifestyle modifications and educating about the severity of the disease for better management of blood sugar levels and hindrance of complications.
糖尿病是一种全球性的公共卫生威胁，在低收入和中等收入国家负担相当沉重。糖尿病患者进行自我护理有助于控制糖尿病及其并发症，并延长寿命。然而，埃塞俄比亚糖尿病自我护理的水平非常低。
于2019年1月1日至31日在耶卡提特12医院对接受随访的2型糖尿病患者进行了一项横断面研究。采用系统抽样技术招募了354名研究参与者。由经过培训的数据收集员使用结构化问卷进行面对面访谈。通过糖尿病自我护理活动总结（SDSCA）量表评估糖尿病自我护理情况。进行多变量二元逻辑回归分析以确定与糖尿病自我护理相关的因素。
超过一半（52.0%，95%可信区间：49.9% - 57.1%）的糖尿病患者自我护理情况较差。自我护理情况差与失业和退休（比值比= 3.57，95%可信区间1.65 - 7.72）、患糖尿病≥10年（比值比= 1.78，95%可信区间1.07 - 2.95）、患有合并症（比值比= 2.15，95%可信区间1.35 - 3.43）、没有血糖仪（比值比= 1.81，95%可信区间1.16 - 2.83）、未接受糖尿病教育（比值比= 1.95，95%可信区间1.20 - 3.18）以及对社会支持不满意（比值比= 4.24，95%可信区间1.25 - 14.40）有关。
在亚的斯亚贝巴，糖尿病患者中自我护理情况较差的情况很普遍，血糖自我监测和定期锻炼做得最少。更多地关注生活方式的改变以及对疾病严重性的教育，对于更好地控制血糖水平和预防并发症是有益的。
