Tuszynski Jack A, Costa Frederico
Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
Front Med Technol. 2022 Sep 8;4:869155. doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.869155. eCollection 2022.
Exposure to Low-Energy Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (LEAMRFEMF) represents a new treatment option for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (AHCC). We focus on two medical devices that modulate the amplitude of a 27.12 MHz carrier wave to generate envelope waves in the low Hz to kHz range. Each provides systemic exposure to LEAMRFEMF an intrabuccal antenna. This technology differs from so-called Tumour Treating Fields because it uses different frequency ranges, uses electromagnetic rather than electric fields, and delivers energy systemically rather than locally. The AutemDev also deploys patient-specific frequencies. LEAMRFEMF devices use 100-fold less power than mobile phones and have no thermal effects on tissue. Tumour type-specific or patient-specific treatment frequencies can be derived by measuring haemodynamic changes induced by exposure to LEAMRFEMF. These specific frequencies inhibited growth of human cancer cell lines and in mouse xenograft models. In uncontrolled prospective clinical trials in patients with AHCC, minorities of patients experienced complete or partial tumour responses. Pooled comparisons showed enhanced overall survival in treated patients compared to historical controls. Mild transient somnolence was the only notable treatment-related adverse event. We hypothesize that intracellular oscillations of charged macromolecules and ion flows couple resonantly with LEAMRFEMF. This resonant coupling appears to disrupt cell division and subcellular trafficking of mitochondria. We provide an estimate of the contribution of the electromagnetic effects to the overall energy balance of an exposed cell by calculating the power delivered to the cell, and the energy dissipated through the cell due to EMF induction of ionic flows along microtubules. We then compare this with total cellular metabolic energy production and conclude that energy delivered by LEAMRFEMF may provide a beneficial shift in cancer cell metabolism away from aberrant glycolysis. Further clinical research may confirm that LEAMRFEMF has therapeutic value in AHCC.
暴露于低能量幅度调制射频电磁场（LEAMRFEMF）为晚期肝细胞癌（AHCC）患者提供了一种新的治疗选择。我们关注两种医疗设备，它们调制27.12 MHz载波的幅度以在低赫兹到千赫兹范围内产生包络波。每种设备都通过口腔内天线提供全身暴露于LEAMRFEMF。该技术与所谓的肿瘤治疗场不同，因为它使用不同的频率范围，使用电磁场而非电场，并且全身而非局部传递能量。AutemDev还部署患者特定频率。LEAMRFEMF设备使用的功率比手机低100倍，并且对组织没有热效应。通过测量暴露于LEAMRFEMF引起的血流动力学变化，可以得出肿瘤类型特异性或患者特异性治疗频率。这些特定频率在人类癌细胞系和小鼠异种移植模型中抑制了生长。在AHCC患者的非对照前瞻性临床试验中，少数患者经历了完全或部分肿瘤反应。汇总比较显示，与历史对照相比，治疗患者的总生存期有所延长。轻度短暂嗜睡是唯一值得注意的与治疗相关的不良事件。我们假设带电大分子和离子流的细胞内振荡与LEAMRFEMF发生共振耦合。这种共振耦合似乎会破坏细胞分裂和线粒体的亚细胞运输。我们通过计算传递到细胞的功率以及由于沿微管的离子流的EMF感应而通过细胞耗散的能量，来估计电磁效应对暴露细胞的总能量平衡的贡献。然后，我们将其与细胞总代谢能量产生进行比较，并得出结论，LEAMRFEMF传递的能量可能会使癌细胞代谢从异常糖酵解中产生有益的转变。进一步的临床研究可能会证实LEAMRFEMF在AHCC中具有治疗价值。
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