Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.
Medical Center for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, Koblenz-Mittelrhein, Germany.
J Sports Sci Med. 2022 Sep 1;21(3):446-457. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2022.446. eCollection 2022 Sep.
The current study analyzes the suitability and reliability of selected neurophysiological and vegetative nervous system markers as biomarkers for exercise and recovery in endurance sport. Sixty-two healthy men and women, endurance trained and moderately trained, performed two identical acute endurance tests (running trial 1 and running trial 2) followed by a washout period of four weeks. Exercise protocol consisted of an acute running trial lasting 60 minutes. An intensity corresponding to 95% of the heart rate at individual anaerobic threshold for 40 minutes was followed by 20 minutes at 110%. At pre-exercise, post-exercise, three hours post-exercise and 24 hours post-exercise, experimental diagnostics on Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), heart rate variability (HRV), Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), and Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) were performed. Significant changes over time were found for all parameters ( < .05). Furthermore, there was an approached statistical significance in the interaction between gender and training status in BDNF regulation (F = 2.43; = 0.06), while gender differences were found only for LF/HF-ratio (3hPoEx, F = 3.40; = 0.002). Regarding the reliability, poor ICC-values (< 0.5) were found for BDNF, Stroop sensitivity and pNN50, while all other parameters showed moderate ICC-values (0.5-0.75). Plasma-BDNF, SCWT performance, pain perception and all HRV parameters are suitable exercise-sensitive markers after an acute endurance exercise. Moreover, pain perception, SCWT reaction time and all HRV parameters show a moderate reliability, others rather poor. In summary, a selected neurophysiological and vegetative marker panel can be used to determine exercise load and recovery in endurance sports, but its repeatability is limited due to its vaguely reliability.
本研究分析了选定的神经生理学和自主神经系统标志物作为耐力运动中运动和恢复的生物标志物的适用性和可靠性。62 名健康的男女运动员，包括耐力训练和适度训练的运动员，进行了两次相同的急性耐力测试（跑步试验 1 和跑步试验 2），然后是四周的洗脱期。运动方案包括持续 60 分钟的急性跑步试验。40 分钟的个体无氧阈心率的 95%强度后，接着是 110%的 20 分钟。在运动前、运动后、运动后 3 小时和运动后 24 小时，进行了脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、心率变异性（HRV）、Stroop 颜色和单词测试（SCWT）以及短形式麦吉尔疼痛问卷（SF-MPQ）的实验诊断。所有参数均显示出随时间的显著变化（<0.05）。此外，BDNF 调节中的性别和训练状态之间的交互作用接近统计学意义（F=2.43；=0.06），而 LF/HF 比值仅在性别差异方面有统计学意义（3hPoEx，F=3.40；=0.002）。关于可靠性，BDNF、Stroop 敏感性和 pNN50 的 ICC 值较低（<0.5），而其他所有参数的 ICC 值均为中度（0.5-0.75）。血浆 BDNF、SCWT 表现、疼痛感知和所有 HRV 参数均为急性耐力运动后的敏感运动标志物。此外，疼痛感知、SCWT 反应时间和所有 HRV 参数的可靠性中等，其他参数则较差。总之，一个选定的神经生理和自主神经标志物面板可用于确定耐力运动中的运动负荷和恢复情况，但由于其可靠性较差，其重复性有限。
