Sassano Maria Livia, Felipe-Abrio Blanca, Agostinis Patrizia
Cell Death Research and Therapy Group, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium.
VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Aug 16;10:988014. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.988014. eCollection 2022.
Membrane contact sites (MCS) between organelles of eukaryotic cells provide structural integrity and promote organelle homeostasis by facilitating intracellular signaling, exchange of ions, metabolites and lipids and membrane dynamics. Cataloguing MCS revolutionized our understanding of the structural organization of a eukaryotic cell, but the functional role of MSCs and their role in complex diseases, such as cancer, are only gradually emerging. In particular, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria contacts (EMCS) are key effectors of non-vesicular lipid trafficking, thereby regulating the lipid composition of cellular membranes and organelles, their physiological functions and lipid-mediated signaling pathways both in physiological and diseased conditions. In this short review, we discuss key aspects of the functional complexity of EMCS in mammalian cells, with particular emphasis on their role as central hubs for lipid transport between these organelles and how perturbations of these pathways may favor key traits of cancer cells.
真核细胞细胞器之间的膜接触位点（MCS）通过促进细胞内信号传导、离子、代谢物和脂质交换以及膜动力学，提供结构完整性并促进细胞器稳态。对MCS进行编目彻底改变了我们对真核细胞结构组织的理解，但MCS的功能作用及其在癌症等复杂疾病中的作用才刚刚逐渐显现。特别是，内质网（ER）-线粒体接触（EMCS）是非囊泡脂质转运的关键效应器，从而在生理和疾病状态下调节细胞膜和细胞器的脂质组成、它们的生理功能以及脂质介导的信号通路。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了哺乳动物细胞中EMCS功能复杂性的关键方面，特别强调它们作为这些细胞器之间脂质运输的中心枢纽的作用，以及这些途径的扰动如何可能有利于癌细胞的关键特征。
