Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 8;10:929165. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.929165. eCollection 2022.
Mouth breathing is one of the most common deleterious oral habits in children. It often results from upper airway obstruction, making the air enter completely or partially through oral cavity. In addition to nasal obstruction caused by various kinds of nasal diseases, the pathological hypertrophy of adenoids and/or tonsils is often the main etiologic factor of mouth breathing in children. Uncorrected mouth breathing can result in abnormal dental and maxillofacial development and affect the health of dentofacial system. Mouth breathers may present various types of growth patterns and malocclusion, depending on the exact etiology of mouth breathing. Furthermore, breathing through the oral cavity can negatively affect oral health, increasing the risk of caries and periodontal diseases. This review aims to provide a summary of recent publications with regard to the impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development, describe their consistencies and differences, and briefly discuss potential reasons behind inconsistent findings.
口呼吸是儿童最常见的有害口腔习惯之一。它通常是由于上呼吸道阻塞，使空气完全或部分通过口腔进入。除了各种鼻部疾病引起的鼻塞外，腺样体和/或扁桃体病理性肥大通常是儿童口呼吸的主要病因。未矫正的口呼吸可导致牙颌面发育异常，并影响牙颌面系统的健康。口呼吸者可能表现出各种类型的生长模式和错合畸形，具体取决于口呼吸的确切病因。此外，口腔呼吸会对口腔健康产生负面影响，增加龋齿和牙周病的风险。本综述旨在对有关口呼吸对口颌面部发育影响的最新文献进行总结，描述它们的一致性和差异性，并简要讨论不一致发现的潜在原因。
