Li Rurui, Ru Yuerong, Feng Ling, Wang Zhenxing, He Xiahong, Zhang Xuechun
Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.
College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Sep 9;9:1013971. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1013971. eCollection 2022.
A comparative study was conducted among the flesh (SOF) and pericarp (SOP) of , a wild edible fruit in China. The nutrient composition of both these tissues was firstly quantified, and liquid-liquid extraction was then used to separate their methanolic extracts to get petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and residual aqueous fractions, which were evaluated for their total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacities, and α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibition abilities. Finally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze their phytochemical composition. The results revealed the excellent nutritional properties of both SOF and SOP, especially SOP (total dietary fiber, 15.50 g/100 g; total amino acids, 0.80 g/100 g; vitamin C, 18.00 mg/100 g; Ca, 272.00 mg/kg; K, 402.00 mg/100 g). For both tissues, their ethyl acetate fractions showed the highest TPC (355.12 and 390.99 mg GAE/g DE) and TFC (306.58 and 298.48 mg RE/g DE). Surprisingly, the ethyl acetate fraction of SOP exhibited the strongest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity with 1046.94 and 1298.64 mg Trolox/g, respectively, which were higher than that of controls Vc and BHT. In contrast, their chloroform fractions exhibited the strongest ferric reducing antioxidant power (1903.05 and 1407.11 mg FeSO/g DE) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (951.12 and 1510.21 mg Trolox/g DE). In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction of SOF displayed superior α-glucosidase inhibition ability with the IC value of 0.19 mg/mL, which was comparable to control acarbose. In comparison, the ethyl acetate fraction of SOP had the best acetylcholinesterase inhibition ability with the IC value of 0.47 mg/mL. The HPLC analysis results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction of SOP showed significantly higher phenolic content, particularly for phenolic acids (p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 8.00 ± 0.65 mg/g) and flavonoids (epicatechin, 28.63 ± 1.26 mg/g), as compared to other samples. The above results suggest that , especially its pericarp, had excellent nutrient compositions, bioactive properties and phytochemical characteristics, and had the potential to be developed as natural functional food.
对中国一种野生可食用水果的果肉（SOF）和果皮（SOP）进行了一项比较研究。首先对这两种组织的营养成分进行了定量分析，然后采用液液萃取法分离其甲醇提取物，得到石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和残留水相馏分，并对其总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、抗氧化能力以及α-葡萄糖苷酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制能力进行了评估。最后，使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分析其植物化学成分。结果表明，SOF和SOP均具有优异的营养特性，尤其是SOP（总膳食纤维，15.50 g/100 g；总氨基酸，0.80 g/100 g；维生素C，18.00 mg/100 g；钙，272.00 mg/kg；钾，402.00 mg/100 g）。对于这两种组织，其乙酸乙酯馏分的TPC（355.12和390.99 mg GAE/g DE）和TFC（306.58和298.48 mg RE/g DE）最高。令人惊讶的是，SOP的乙酸乙酯馏分表现出最强的DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力，分别为1046.94和1298.64 mg Trolox/g，高于对照Vc和BHT。相比之下，其氯仿馏分表现出最强的铁还原抗氧化能力（1903.05和1407.11 mg FeSO/g DE）和氧自由基吸收能力（951.12和1510.21 mg Trolox/g DE）。此外，SOF的乙酸乙酯馏分表现出优异的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力，IC值为0.19 mg/mL，与对照阿卡波糖相当。相比之下，SOP的乙酸乙酯馏分具有最佳的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制能力，IC值为0.47 mg/mL。HPLC分析结果表明，与其他样品相比，SOP的乙酸乙酯馏分的酚类含量显著更高，尤其是酚酸（对羟基苯甲酸，8.00±0.65 mg/g）和黄酮类（表儿茶素，28.63±1.26 mg/g）。上述结果表明，该水果，尤其是其果皮，具有优异的营养成分、生物活性和植物化学特性，具有开发成天然功能性食品的潜力。
