Wakeyo Musa Mohammed, Kebira Jemal Yusuf, Assefa Nega, Dheresa Merga
Chiro General Hospital, Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Front Glob Womens Health. 2022 Sep 7;3:801394. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2022.801394. eCollection 2022.
Recently, the concern with birth interval has acquired importance in public health and family planning because of its implication for fertility, maternal, and child health. A short birth interval is associated with adverse perinatal, maternal, and infant outcomes. Moreover, too short birth interval lead to high fertility, which in turn contributes to accelerated population growth and undermines development efforts. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of short birth interval and its associated factors among multiparous women in the Mieso agro-pastoralist district, Oromia region, Eastern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2020. The multistage sampling technique was used to select 490 multiparous women. Data were collected by face-to-face interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were executed. Model fitness and multicollinearity were checked. Statistically significant associations of outcome and independent variables were declared at a -value of < 0.05.
The prevalence of short birth interval was 56% (95% CI: 51.4-60.5) in the study area. Being married under 18 years (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.97-7.25), having formal education (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11-0.47), having a husband with formal education (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22-0.99), having awareness about optimum birth interval (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.24-0.91), having female index child (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.07-3.84), death of the index child (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12-0.92), breastfeeding of the index child <24 months (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.53-4.41), use of modern contraceptive (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.12-3.89), and decision-making by a husband alone when to have a child (AOR = 3.86, 95% CI: 2.06-7.21) were significantly associated with short birth interval at a -value <0.05.
The overall prevalence of short birth interval among the study participants was high, as more than half of the women had practiced short birth interval, indicating that the majority of the mother and children in the study area are still at high risk of mortality and morbidity associated with short birth interval. Thus, the current findings suggest that interventions that involve the provision of contraceptives and information on its benefit at points need to be adopted to reach the national and global target of maternal and child mortality reduction attributed to short birth interval.
最近，由于生育间隔对生育、孕产妇和儿童健康有影响，它在公共卫生和计划生育领域受到了关注。生育间隔短与不良围产期、孕产妇和婴儿结局相关。此外，生育间隔过短会导致高生育率，进而加速人口增长并破坏发展成果。本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚东部奥罗米亚地区米索农牧区多产妇女中生育间隔短的患病率及其相关因素。
2020年3月1日至30日进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选取了490名多产妇女。通过面对面访谈由调查员管理的结构化问卷收集数据。进行了二元和多变量逻辑回归分析。检查了模型拟合度和多重共线性。当P值<0.05时，宣布结局变量和自变量之间存在统计学上的显著关联。
研究区域内生育间隔短的患病率为56%（95%置信区间：51.4 - 60.5）。18岁以下结婚（调整后比值比[AOR]=3.78，95%置信区间：1.97 - 7.25）、接受过正规教育（AOR =0.23，95%置信区间：0.11 - 0.47）、丈夫接受过正规教育（AOR =0.46，95%置信区间：0.22 - 0.99）、知晓最佳生育间隔（AOR =0.47，95%置信区间：0.24 - 0.91）、头胎为女孩（AOR =1.78，95%置信区间：1.07 - 3.84）、头胎子女死亡（AOR =0.34，95%置信区间：0.12 - 0.92）、头胎子女母乳喂养<24个月（AOR =2.6，95%置信区间：1.53 - 4.41）、使用现代避孕方法（AOR =2.09，95%置信区间：1.12 - 3.89）以及生育时间由丈夫单独决定（AOR =3.86，95%置信区间：2.06 - 7.21）在P值<0.05时与生育间隔短显著相关。
研究参与者中生育间隔短的总体患病率较高，因为超过一半的妇女有生育间隔短的情况，这表明研究区域内的大多数母亲和儿童仍面临与生育间隔短相关的高死亡和发病风险。因此，目前的研究结果表明，需要采取涉及在关键点提供避孕药具及其益处信息的干预措施，以实现降低因生育间隔短导致的孕产妇和儿童死亡率的国家和全球目标。
