Li Xiao-Hang, Sheng Kun, Wang Ying-Hong, Dong Yan-Qi, Jiang Zhi-Kai, Sun Jing-Sheng
Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, P. R. China.
Institute of Wheat Research, Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, P. R. China.
Open Life Sci. 2022 Sep 8;17(1):1094-1103. doi: 10.1515/biol-2022-0059. eCollection 2022.
Irrigation regimes should be chosen to maximize crop yield and water use efficiency. To realize high yield and efficient water use with the appropriate furrow irrigation regime, the effects of two regimes (alternate furrow irrigation and conventional furrow irrigation) and three lower soil moisture limits (60, 70, and 80%) were studied on winter wheat yield and water consumption using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that under the two regimes, alternate furrow irrigation and conventional furrow irrigation, when the lower limit of the soil moisture is 70%, the harvest index (0.45 and 0.39, respectively) and crop water productivity of winter wheat (1.86 and 1.90 kg m, respectively) are highest. The comprehensive fuzzy evaluation model considers multiple measures, including yield, harvest indices, irrigation volume, total water consumption, and crop water productivity - the index values are highest at the 70% condition, which are 0.3468 and 0.3432, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that a moderate water deficit is conducive to saving water resources and improving water use efficiency. In conclusion, a multi-level and multi-factor indices system of furrow irrigation regime was constructed based on ensuring winter wheat production. Conventional furrow irrigation is recommended in areas with sufficient irrigation water, while alternating furrow irrigation, which can reduce the total amount of irrigation required, is suitable for areas with water shortages.
应选择灌溉制度以实现作物产量和水分利用效率的最大化。为了通过适当的沟灌制度实现高产和高效用水，采用多层次模糊综合评价方法，研究了两种灌溉制度（交替沟灌和常规沟灌）和三个较低土壤湿度下限（60%、70%和80%）对冬小麦产量和耗水量的影响。结果表明，在交替沟灌和常规沟灌这两种灌溉制度下，当土壤湿度下限为70%时，冬小麦的收获指数（分别为0.45和0.39）和作物水分生产率（分别为1.86和1.90 kg·m）最高。综合模糊评价模型考虑了产量、收获指数、灌溉量、总耗水量和作物水分生产率等多个指标，在70%的条件下指标值最高，分别为0.3468和0.3432。因此，可以得出结论，适度的水分亏缺有利于节约水资源和提高水分利用效率。总之，在确保冬小麦产量的基础上，构建了沟灌制度的多层次多因素指标体系。在灌溉水源充足的地区推荐采用常规沟灌，而交替沟灌可以减少所需的总灌溉量，适合水资源短缺的地区。
