Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Dec 1;314:120208. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120208. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
Excessive enrichment of fluoride threatens ecological stability and human health. The high-fluoride groundwater in the Chagan Lake area has existed for a long time. With the land consolidation and irrigation area construction, the distribution and migration process of fluoride have changed. It is urgent to explore the evolution of fluoride under the dual effects of nature and human. Based on 107 groundwater samples collected in different land use periods, hydrogeochemistry and isotope methods were combined to explore the evolution characteristics and hydrogeochemical processes of fluoride in typical high-fluoride background area and elucidate the impact of anthropogenic activities on fluoride migration. The results indicate that large areas of paddy fields are developed from saline-alkali land, and its area has increased by nearly 30%. The proportion of high-fluoride groundwater (>2 mg/L) has increased by nearly 10%, mainly distributed in the new irrigation area. Hydrogeochemical processes such as dissolution of fluorine-containing minerals, precipitation of carbonate minerals and exchange of Na, Ca on the water-soil interface control the enrichment of fluoride. The groundwater d-excess has no obvious change with the increase of TDS, and human activities are one of the reasons for the increase of fluoride. The concentration of fluoride is diluted due to years of diversion irrigation in old irrigation area, whereas the enrichment of δH, δO and Cl in new irrigation area indicates that the vertical infiltration of washing alkali and irrigation water brought fluoride and other salts to groundwater. Fertilizer and wastewater discharges also contribute to the accumulation of fluoride, manifesting as co-increasing nitrate and chloride salts. The results of this study provide a new insight into fluoride migration under anthropogenic disturbance in high-fluoride background areas.
氟的过度富集威胁着生态稳定和人类健康。查干湖地区高氟地下水长期存在，随着土地整治和灌区建设，氟的分布和迁移过程发生了变化。探索自然和人为双重作用下氟的演变具有紧迫性。本研究基于不同土地利用时期采集的 107 个地下水样本，结合水化学和同位素方法，探讨了典型高氟背景区氟的演化特征和水化学过程，阐明了人为活动对氟迁移的影响。结果表明，大面积的稻田是由盐碱地开垦而来，其面积增加了近 30%。高氟地下水（>2mg/L）的比例增加了近 10%，主要分布在新灌区。含氟矿物的溶解、碳酸盐矿物的沉淀以及水土界面上 Na、Ca 的交换等水化学过程控制着氟的富集。地下水的 d-过量值随着 TDS 的增加没有明显变化，人为活动是氟增加的原因之一。由于多年的引灌，老灌区的氟浓度有所稀释，而新灌区 δH、δO 和 Cl 的富集表明，洗碱和灌溉水的垂直入渗将氟和其他盐分带入了地下水。化肥和废水排放也导致了氟的积累，表现为硝酸盐和氯化物盐的共同增加。本研究结果为高氟背景区人为干扰下氟迁移提供了新的认识。
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