Cheetham Marcus, Holzer Barbara, Kleber Martina, Biller-Andorno Nikola, Meier Christoph A
Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich, Schweiz.
Institut für Biomedizinische Ethik, Universität Zürich, Schweiz.
Ther Umsch. 2022;79(8):415-424. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930/a001383.
Patient Decision Aids for Values Clarification and Preference Elicitation - Challenges and Developments Shared decision-making is especially appropriate when the available evidence does not indicate which medical intervention is the better option, so that the final decision depends on the patient's personal values and preferences. The process of value clarification and preference elicitation can be time-consuming and cognitively and emotionally demanding for patients. Increasingly, decision aids provide tasks (e.g., on benefit-harm trade-offs) to help patients work through this process, better prepare for medical consultations, and make values-congruent medical decisions with their physicians. Most clinically validated decision aids are paper-based flyers and educational brochures. There are also computer-, audio-, video-, or web-based decision aids. The web-based aids make little use of the potential of interactive technologies, despite the known benefits of these technologies. The aims of this paper are to provide an overview of decision aids for and challenges of values clarification and preference elicitation and to highlight some developments in interactive web-based technologies that might facilitate values clarification and preference elicitation.
用于价值观澄清和偏好引出的患者决策辅助工具——挑战与发展 当现有证据无法表明哪种医疗干预是更好的选择时，共同决策尤为合适，因此最终决策取决于患者的个人价值观和偏好。价值观澄清和偏好引出的过程可能耗时，且对患者的认知和情感要求较高。决策辅助工具越来越多地提供任务（例如关于利弊权衡），以帮助患者完成这一过程，更好地为医疗咨询做准备，并与医生做出符合价值观的医疗决策。大多数经过临床验证的决策辅助工具是纸质传单和教育手册。也有基于计算机、音频、视频或网络的决策辅助工具。尽管这些技术有已知的好处，但基于网络的辅助工具很少利用交互式技术的潜力。本文的目的是概述价值观澄清和偏好引出的决策辅助工具及挑战，并强调交互式网络技术中可能有助于价值观澄清和偏好引出的一些发展。
