Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Stress Health. 2023 Aug;39(3):488-498. doi: 10.1002/smi.3201. Epub 2022 Sep 30.
Evidence supports the effectiveness of cuing people to analyse negative autobiographical experiences from self-distanced rather than self-immersed perspectives. However, the evidence on which this expectation resides is limited largely to static snapshots of mean levels of cognitive and emotional factors. Via a pre-registered, randomised controlled trial (N = 257), we examined the differential effectiveness of self-distanced relative to self-immersed reflections on mean levels and within-person variability of sleep duration and quality as well as psychological well-being over a 5-day working week. Except for sleep quality, we found that reflecting from a psychologically distanced perspective, overall, was no more effective for mean levels and within-person variability of sleep duration, well-being, and stress-related factors than when the current self is fully immersed in the experiential reality of the event. We consider several substantive and methodological considerations (e.g., dosage, salience of stressor event) that require interrogation in future research via experimental and longitudinal observational methods.
有证据表明，提示人们从自我疏离的角度而非自我沉浸的角度分析消极的自传体经历，是有效的。然而，这种预期所依据的证据在很大程度上仅限于认知和情感因素的静态平均值的快照。通过一项预先注册的随机对照试验（N=257），我们研究了在 5 天工作日内，自我疏离的反思相对于自我沉浸的反思，对睡眠时长和质量的平均值和个体内变异性以及心理幸福感的差异有效性。除了睡眠质量，我们发现，从心理上的疏离角度来看，整体而言，对于睡眠时长、幸福感和与压力相关因素的平均值和个体内变异性，自我疏离的反思并不比自我沉浸在事件的体验现实中更有效。我们考虑了一些实质性和方法学上的考虑因素（例如，剂量、压力事件的显著性），这些因素需要通过实验和纵向观察方法在未来的研究中进行检验。
