基因组重测序和转录组谱分析揭示了大麦耐受水分亏缺的分子证据。

Genome resequencing and transcriptome profiling reveal molecular evidence of tolerance to water deficit in barley.

机构信息

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.

Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

出版信息

J Adv Res. 2023 Jul;49:31-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.09.008. Epub 2022 Sep 25.

DOI:10.1016/j.jare.2022.09.008

PMID:36170948

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10334146/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Frequent climate change-induced drought events are detrimental environmental stresses affecting global crop production and ecosystem health. Several efforts have facilitated crop breeding for resilient varieties to counteract stress. However, progress is hampered due to the complexity of drought tolerance; a greater variety of novel genes are required across varying environments. Tibetan annual wild barley is a unique and precious germplasm that is well adapted to abiotic stress and can provide elite genes for crop improvement in drought tolerance.

OBJECTIVES

To identify the genetic basis and unique mechanisms for drought tolerance in Tibetan wild barley.

METHODS

Whole genome resequencing and comparative RNA-seq approaches were performed to identify candidate genes associated with drought tolerance via investigating the genetic diversity and transcriptional variation between cultivated and Tibetan wild barley. Bioinformatics, population genetics, and gene silencing were conducted to obtain insights into ecological adaptation in barley and functions of key genes.

RESULTS

Over 20 million genetic variants and a total of 15,361 significantly affected genes were identified in our dataset. Combined genomic, transcriptomic, evolutionary, and experimental analyses revealed 26 water deficit resilience-associated genes in the drought-tolerant wild barley XZ5 with unique genetic variants and expression patterns. Functional prediction revealed Tibetan wild barley employs effective regulators to activate various responsive pathways with novel genes, such as Zinc-Induced Facilitator-Like 2 (HvZIFL2) and Peroxidase 11 (HvPOD11), to adapt to water deficit conditions. Gene silencing and drought tolerance evaluation in a natural barley population demonstrated that HvZIFL2 and HvPOD11 positively regulate drought tolerance in barley.

CONCLUSION

Our findings reveal functional genes that have been selected across barley's complex history of domestication to thrive in water deficit environments. This will be useful for molecular breeding and provide new insights into drought-tolerance mechanisms in wild relatives of major cereal crops.

摘要

简介

频繁的气候变化导致的干旱事件对全球作物生产和生态系统健康造成了不利的环境压力。为了培育具有弹性的品种以抵御压力，人们已经做出了许多努力。然而，由于耐旱性的复杂性，进展受到了阻碍；需要在不同的环境中寻找更多种类的新型基因。西藏一年生野生大麦是一种独特而珍贵的种质资源，它能很好地适应非生物胁迫，可为提高作物耐旱性提供优良基因。

目的

鉴定西藏野生大麦耐旱的遗传基础和独特机制。

方法

通过研究栽培大麦和西藏野生大麦之间的遗传多样性和转录变化，采用全基因组重测序和比较 RNA-seq 方法，鉴定与耐旱性相关的候选基因。利用生物信息学、群体遗传学和基因沉默技术，深入了解大麦的生态适应性和关键基因的功能。

结果

在我们的数据集中共鉴定出超过 2000 万个遗传变异和总共 15361 个受显著影响的基因。综合基因组、转录组、进化和实验分析揭示了耐旱性强的野生大麦 XZ5 中有 26 个与水分亏缺响应相关的基因，它们具有独特的遗传变异和表达模式。功能预测表明，西藏野生大麦利用有效的调节剂激活了各种响应途径，涉及到新型基因，如锌诱导因子样 2（HvZIFL2）和过氧化物酶 11（HvPOD11），以适应水分亏缺条件。在自然大麦群体中进行基因沉默和耐旱性评价表明，HvZIFL2 和 HvPOD11 正向调控大麦的耐旱性。