Hanumegowda Sujatha M, Srinivasa Chandramma, Shivaiah Ashwini, M Venkatappa Manjula, Santhosh Sebestian, R Rajesh, Gonchigar Sathisha J, Sannaningaiah Devaraja
Department of Biochemistry Jnansahydri, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta-577451, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry and Centre for Bioscience and Innovation, Tumkur University, B H road, Tumkur-572103, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2023 Feb;195(2):772-800. doi: 10.1007/s12010-022-04144-8. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
Oxidative stress has been implicated in deadly lifestyle diseases, and antioxidants from plant sources are the primary option in the treatment regime. Kenaf seeds are the storehouse of potential natural antioxidant phytoconstituents. Perhaps, none of the studies documented the phytoconstituents and their antioxidant potential from Kenaf seed coat so far. Thus, the current study focuses on exploring the protective effect of Kenaf Seed Coat Ethanol Extract (KSCEE) against sodium nitrite and diclofenac-induced oxidative stress in vitro (red blood cell and platelets model) and in vivo (female Sprague Dawely rat's model) along with the antithrombotic activity. The infrared spectrophotometry data showed the heterogeneous functional groups (CH, OH, C = C, C = C-C) and aromatic rings. Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry chromatogram of KSCEE also evidenced the presence of several phytochemicals. KSCEE displayed about 76% of DPPH scavenging activity with an IC value of 34.94 µg/ml. KSCEE significantly (***p < 0.001) normalized the stress markers such as lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in sodium nitrite and diclofenac-induced oxidative stress in RBC, platelets, liver, kidney, and small intestine, respectively. Furthermore, KSCEE was found to protect the diclofenac-induced tissue destruction of the liver, kidney, and small intestine obtained from seven groups of female Sprague Dawely rats. KSCEE delayed the clotting time of platelet-rich plasma and platelet-poor plasma and activated partial thromboplastin time, suggesting its anticoagulant property. In addition, KSCEE also exhibited antiplatelet activity by inhibiting both adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. In conclusion, KSCEE ameliorates the sodium nitrite and diclofenac-induced oxidative stress in red blood cells, platelets, and experimental animals along with antithrombotic properties.
氧化应激与致命的生活方式疾病有关，植物来源的抗氧化剂是治疗方案中的主要选择。红麻种子是潜在天然抗氧化植物成分的宝库。也许，到目前为止，还没有研究记录红麻种皮中的植物成分及其抗氧化潜力。因此，本研究重点探讨红麻种皮乙醇提取物（KSCEE）在体外（红细胞和血小板模型）和体内（雌性斯普拉格·道利大鼠模型）对亚硝酸钠和双氯芬酸诱导的氧化应激的保护作用以及抗血栓活性。红外分光光度法数据显示了异质官能团（CH、OH、C = C、C = C-C）和芳香环。KSCEE的反相高效液相色谱和气相色谱-质谱色谱图也证明了几种植物化学物质的存在。KSCEE表现出约76%的DPPH清除活性，IC值为34.94μg/ml。在亚硝酸钠和双氯芬酸诱导的红细胞、血小板、肝脏、肾脏和小肠氧化应激中，KSCEE分别显著（***p < 0.001）使脂质过氧化、蛋白质羰基含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶等应激标志物恢复正常。此外，发现KSCEE可保护从七组雌性斯普拉格·道利大鼠获得的双氯芬酸诱导的肝脏、肾脏和小肠组织损伤。KSCEE延长了富血小板血浆和贫血小板血浆的凝血时间以及活化部分凝血活酶时间，表明其具有抗凝特性。此外，KSCEE还通过抑制二磷酸腺苷和肾上腺素诱导的血小板聚集表现出抗血小板活性。总之，KSCEE可改善亚硝酸钠和双氯芬酸诱导的红细胞、血小板和实验动物的氧化应激，并具有抗血栓特性。
