Department of Biochemistry, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga 577451, India.
Department of Physics, University College of Science, Tumkur University, Tumkur 572103, India.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 12;27(16):5162. doi: 10.3390/molecules27165162.
The present study describes the green biofunctional synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles using the aqueous fruit extract. The characterization of fruit extract MgO nanoparticles (TAFEMgO NPs) was achieved by X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, SEM, and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction. TAFEMgO NPs scavenged the DPPH free radicals with an IC50 value of 55.95 μg/μL, and it was highly significant compared to the standard. To authenticate the observed antioxidant potential of TAFEMgO NPs, oxidative stress was induced in red blood cells (RBC) using sodium nitrite (NaNO). Interestingly, TAFEMgO NPs ameliorated the RBC damage from oxidative stress by significantly restoring the stress parameters, such as the protein carbonyl content (PCC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol (TT), super-oxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, oxidative stress was induced in-vivo in Sprague Dawley female rats using diclofenac (DFC). TAFEMgO NPs normalized the stress parameters in-vivo and minimized the oxidative damage in tissues. Most importantly, TAFEMgO NPs restored the function and architecture of the damaged livers, kidneys, and small intestines by regulating biochemical parameters. TAFEMgO NPs exhibited an anticoagulant effect by increasing the clotting time from 193 s in the control to 885 s in the platelet rich plasma. TAFEMgO NPs prolonged the formation of the clot process in the activated partial thromboplastin time and the prothrombin time, suggest the effective involvement in both intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways of the blood coagulation cascade. TAFEMgO NPs inhibited adenosine di-phosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation. TAFEMgO NPs did not show hemolytic, hemorrhagic, and edema-inducing properties at the tested concentration of 100 mg/kgbody weight, suggesting its non-toxic property. In conclusion, TAFEMgO NPs mitigates the sodium nitrite (NaNO)- and diclofenac (DFC)-induced stress due to oxidative damage in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
本研究描述了使用水果提取液的绿色生物合成法制备氧化镁（MgO）纳米粒子。通过 X 射线粉末衍射、紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散 X 射线衍射对水果提取液 MgO 纳米粒子（TAFEMgO NPs）进行了表征。TAFEMgO NPs 对 DPPH 自由基的清除作用的 IC50 值为 55.95 μg/μL，与标准品相比具有高度显著性。为了验证 TAFEMgO NPs 观察到的抗氧化潜力，使用亚硝酸钠（NaNO）诱导红细胞（RBC）中的氧化应激。有趣的是，TAFEMgO NPs 通过显著恢复应激参数（如蛋白质羰基含量（PCC）、脂质过氧化（LPO）、总巯基（TT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）），改善了 RBC 受到氧化应激的损伤。此外，使用双氯芬酸（DFC）在 Sprague Dawley 雌性大鼠体内诱导氧化应激。TAFEMgO NPs 使体内应激参数正常化，并最大限度地减少组织中的氧化损伤。最重要的是，TAFEMgO NPs 通过调节生化参数，恢复了受损肝脏、肾脏和小肠的功能和结构。TAFEMgO NPs 通过将对照中 193 s 的凝血时间延长至富血小板血浆中的 885 s，显示出抗凝作用。TAFEMgO NPs 延长了活化部分凝血活酶时间和凝血酶原时间中血栓形成过程的形成时间，表明其有效参与了血液凝固级联的内在和外在凝血途径。TAFEMgO NPs 抑制了二磷酸腺苷（ADP）诱导的血小板聚集。在测试浓度为 100 mg/kg 体重时，TAFEMgO NPs 没有表现出溶血、出血和水肿诱导特性，表明其无毒特性。总之，TAFEMgO NPs 减轻了亚硝酸钠（NaNO）和双氯芬酸（DFC）在体外和体内实验模型中因氧化损伤引起的应激。
