Department of Family Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Division of Global Health Protection, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
BMJ Glob Health. 2022 Sep;7(9). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009251.
Pakistan regularly faces natural disasters and has a longstanding disaster risk management infrastructure. It is also a nation with high maternal and newborn mortality. Rahnuma-Family Planning Association of Pakistan, with support from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Women's Refugee Commission and the International Planned Parenthood Federation South Asia Region's Sexual and Reproductive Health Programme in Crisis and Post Crisis Situations Initiative, embarked on building community capacity to prepare for and respond to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) risks in select disaster-prone areas in Pakistan, and linking communities to existing disaster risk management structures at national, regional and district levels.The initiative began with a training of trainers at the national level, which was cascaded to six union councils (UCs) in three districts in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh provinces. Participants developed action plans for their respective UCs that addressed gaps in implementing the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for SRH, the international standard of care for SRH in emergency settings. Communities spent 1.5 years implementing their action plans to strengthen their capacity to respond to SRH needs in the event of an emergency.Project learning highlights the benefits of investing in preparedness to strengthen core services and linking communities to existing formal structures. Action planning led to immediate gains and longer-term benefits. The MISP for SRH was integrated into disaster risk management at all levels. Community mobilisation, awareness raising and the creation of blood donor groups and emergency transport contributed to averting mortality at the community level.
巴基斯坦经常面临自然灾害,拥有长期的灾害风险管理基础设施。同时,它也是一个孕产妇和新生儿死亡率较高的国家。巴基斯坦的 Rahnuma-计划生育协会在美疾病控制与预防中心、妇女难民委员会以及国际计划生育联合会南亚区域危机和后危机时期性与生殖健康方案的支持下,着手建设社区能力,以应对巴基斯坦部分灾害多发地区的性与生殖健康风险,并将社区与国家、地区和地区各级现有的灾害风险管理结构联系起来。该倡议首先在国家一级进行了培训师培训,然后在开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦、旁遮普和信德省的三个地区的六个联盟理事会(UC)进行了培训。参与者为各自的 UC 制定了行动计划,以解决在紧急情况下实施性与生殖健康最低初始服务包(MISP)方面的差距问题,这是紧急情况下性与生殖健康护理的国际标准。社区用了 1.5 年的时间来实施他们的行动计划,以加强他们在紧急情况下应对性与生殖健康需求的能力。项目学习重点强调了投资于备灾工作的好处,这有助于加强核心服务,并将社区与现有正式结构联系起来。行动计划带来了立竿见影的收益和更长期的利益。性与生殖健康最低初始服务包已纳入各级灾害风险管理。社区动员、提高认识以及建立献血者团体和应急运输,有助于避免社区一级的死亡率。