Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, 20 Duke Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Department of Radiation Oncology and Exercise Oncology and Resiliency Center, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Sports Med. 2023 Jan;53(1):75-89. doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01759-z. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
There are many benefits to the addition of exercise to cancer treatment and survivorship, particularly with resistance training regimens that target hypertrophy, bone mineral density, strength, functional mobility, and body composition. These goals are best achieved through a series of individualized high-intensity compound movements that mirror functional mobility patterns and sufficiently stress the musculoskeletal system. As a result of adequate stress, the body will engage compensatory cellular mechanisms that improve the structural integrity of bones and muscles, stimulate metabolism and the immune system, optimize functional performance, and minimize mechanical injury risk. The current evidence suggests that application of the above exercise principles, practiced in a safe environment under expert observation, may offer patients with cancer an effective means of improving overall health and cancer-specific outcomes. The following article poses several important questions certified exercise specialists and physicians should consider when prescribing resistance exercise for patients with cancer.
锻炼对癌症治疗和康复有许多益处，尤其是针对肥大、骨密度、力量、功能机动性和身体成分的阻力训练方案。这些目标最好通过一系列个体化的高强度复合运动来实现，这些运动模拟功能机动性模式，并充分给骨骼肌肉系统施压。由于足够的压力，身体将启动代偿性细胞机制，改善骨骼和肌肉的结构完整性，刺激新陈代谢和免疫系统，优化功能表现，并降低机械性损伤风险。目前的证据表明，在专家观察下，在安全环境中应用上述运动原则，可能为癌症患者提供一种有效改善整体健康和癌症特定结果的手段。本文提出了几个重要问题，认证的运动专家和医生在为癌症患者开阻力运动处方时应该考虑这些问题。
