Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
J Cancer Surviv. 2017 Jun;11(3):339-349. doi: 10.1007/s11764-016-0592-x. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
Muscle atrophy and strength decline are two of the most prominent characteristics in cancer patients undergoing cancer therapy, leading to decreased functional ability and reduced quality of life. Therefore, the aim is to systematically review research evidence of the effects of resistance exercise (RE) on lower-limb muscular strength, lean body mass (LBM), and body fat (BF) in cancer patients undertaking neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy.
This research was conducted using the following online database: Clinical Trial Register, Cochrane Trial Register, PubMed, SPORT Discus, and SciELO, from September 2014 until May 2015. We used the following keywords in various combinations with a systematic search: "Cancer therapy," "Wasting muscle," "Muscle loss," "Muscle function," "Neoadjuvant therapy," "Adjuvant thera-py," "Resistance Training," "Weight training," and "Exercise." After selection of 272 full-text articles, 14 publications were included in this meta-analysis.
Resistance exercise (RE) during neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy increased lower-limb muscular strength (mean: 26.22 kg, 95% CI [16.01, 36.43], heterogeneity: P = <0.01, I = 76%, P = 0.00001) when compared to controls over time. Similarly, lean body mass (LBM) increased (mean 0.8 kg, 95% CI [0.7, 0.9], heterogeneity: P = 0.99, I = 0%, P < 0.00001), and decreased body fat (BF) (mean: -1.3 kg, 95% CI [-1.5, 1.1], heterogeneity: P = 0.93, I = 0%, P < 0.00001) compared to controls over time.
RE is effective to increase lower-limb muscular strength, increase LBM, and decrease BF in cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy regardless of the kind of treatment.
RE increases muscle strength, maintains LBM, and reduces BF in cancer patients undergoing adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies. Cancer patients and survivors should consider undertaking RE as an effective countermeasure for treatment-related adverse effects to the musculoskeletal system.
肌肉萎缩和力量下降是癌症患者接受癌症治疗后最显著的特征之一，这会导致功能能力下降和生活质量降低。因此，本研究旨在系统回顾关于抵抗运动（RE）对接受新辅助或辅助治疗的癌症患者下肢肌肉力量、瘦体重（LBM）和体脂肪（BF）的影响的研究证据。
本研究使用了以下在线数据库：临床试验注册处、考科蓝临床试验注册库、PubMed、SPORT Discus 和 SciELO，检索时间为 2014 年 9 月至 2015 年 5 月。我们使用了以下关键词进行系统搜索：“癌症治疗”、“肌肉消耗”、“肌肉损失”、“肌肉功能”、“新辅助治疗”、“辅助治疗”、“抵抗训练”、“举重训练”和“运动”。在选择了 272 篇全文文章后，有 14 篇文献被纳入了本次荟萃分析。
与对照组相比，新辅助或辅助治疗期间进行的抵抗运动（RE）增加了下肢肌肉力量（平均增加 26.22kg，95%CI [16.01, 36.43]，异质性：P<0.01，I²=76%，P=0.00001）。同样，瘦体重（LBM）增加（平均增加 0.8kg，95%CI [0.7, 0.9]，异质性：P=0.99，I²=0%，P<0.00001），体脂肪（BF）减少（平均减少 1.3kg，95%CI [-1.5, 1.1]，异质性：P=0.93，I²=0%，P<0.00001）。
无论治疗类型如何，RE 均可有效增加新辅助和辅助治疗癌症患者的下肢肌肉力量、增加 LBM 并减少 BF。癌症患者和幸存者应考虑进行 RE，这是一种对抗肌肉骨骼系统治疗相关不良反应的有效对策。
影响癌症患者：RE 可增加癌症患者接受新辅助和辅助治疗后的肌肉力量、维持瘦体重和减少体脂肪。
