BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Feb;79(2):507-519. doi: 10.1002/ps.7216. Epub 2022 Oct 17.
Target site resistance to herbicides that inhibit protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO; EC 1.3.3.4) has been described mainly in broadleaf weeds based on mutations in the gene designated protoporphyrinogen oxidase 2 (PPO2) and in one monocot weed species in protoporphyrinogen oxidase 1 (PPO1). To control PPO target site resistant weeds in future it is important to design new PPO-inhibiting herbicides that can control problematic weeds expressing mutant PPO enzymes. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a new triazinone-type inhibitor, trifludimoxazin, to inhibit PPO2 enzymes carrying target site mutations in comparison with three widely used PPO-inhibiting herbicides.
Mutated Amaranthus spp. PPO2 enzymes were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and measured biochemically for activity and inhibition kinetics, and used for complementation experiments in an E. coli hemG mutant that lacks the corresponding microbial PPO gene function. In addition, we used ectopic expression in Arabidopsis and structural PPO protein modeling to support the enzyme inhibition study. The generated data strongly suggest that trifludimoxazin is a strong inhibitor both at the enzyme level and in transgenics Arabidopsis ectopically expressing PPO2 target site mutations.
Trifludimoxazin is a potent PPO-inhibiting herbicide that inhibits various PPO2 enzymes carrying target site mutations and could be used as a chemical-based control strategy to mitigate the widespread occurrence of PPO target site resistance as well as weeds that have evolved resistance to other herbicide mode of actions. © 2022 BASF SE and The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
主要基于基因命名为原卟啉原氧化酶 2（PPO2）的突变和一种在原卟啉原氧化酶 1（PPO1）的单子叶杂草物种中，描述了抑制原卟啉原氧化酶（PPO；EC 1.3.3.4）的除草剂靶标抗性在阔叶杂草中。为了在未来控制具有 PPO 靶标抗性的杂草，设计能够控制表达突变 PPO 酶的有问题杂草的新型 PPO 抑制性除草剂非常重要。在这项研究中，我们评估了新型三嗪酮型抑制剂三氟啶磺隆抑制携带靶标突变的 PPO2 酶的功效，与三种广泛使用的 PPO 抑制性除草剂进行了比较。
在大肠杆菌中表达、纯化并进行了生化活性和抑制动力学测定的突变的苋属 PPO2 酶，用于在缺乏相应微生物 PPO 基因功能的大肠杆菌 hemG 突变体中进行互补实验。此外，我们还使用拟南芥异位表达和结构 PPO 蛋白建模来支持酶抑制研究。产生的数据强烈表明，三氟啶磺隆在酶水平和异位表达 PPO2 靶标突变的拟南芥中都是一种强抑制剂。
三氟啶磺隆是一种有效的 PPO 抑制剂，可抑制携带靶标突变的各种 PPO2 酶，可作为一种基于化学的控制策略，减轻 PPO 靶标抗性的广泛发生以及已对其他除草剂作用模式产生抗性的杂草。© 2022 巴斯夫公司和作者。Pest Management Science 由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。
