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温泉水中 SARS-CoV-2 和轮状病毒的为期一年的监测。

One-Year Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and Rotavirus in Water Matrices from a Hot Spring Area.

机构信息

Water Department, Centro Universitario Regional Litoral Norte, Universidad de La República, Rivera 1350, 50000, Salto, CP, Uruguay.

Administración de Las Obras Sanitarias del Estado, Salto, Uruguay.

出版信息

Food Environ Virol. 2022 Dec;14(4):401-409. doi: 10.1007/s12560-022-09537-w. Epub 2022 Oct 1.

Abstract

The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still impacting not only on human health but also all economic activities, especially in those related to tourism. In this study, in order to characterize the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in a hot spring park in Uruguay, swimming pools water, wastewater, and surface water from this area were analyzed by quantitative PCR. Wastewater from Salto city located next to the hydrothermal spring area was also evaluated as well as the presence of Rotavirus (RV). Overall, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 13% (13/102) of the analyzed samples. Moreover, this virus was not detected in any of the samples from the swimming pools water and was present in 18% (3/17) of wastewater samples from the hotels area showing the same trend between the titer of SARS-CoV-2 and the number of infected people in Salto city. SARS-CoV-2 was also detected in wastewater samples (32% (11/34)) from Salto city, detecting the first positive sample when 105 persons were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Rotavirus was detected only in 10% (2/24) of the wastewater samples analyzed in months when partial lockdown measures were taken, however, this virus was detected in nearly all wastewater samples analyzed when social distancing measures and partial lockdown were relaxed. Wastewater results confirmed the advantages of using the detection and quantification of viruses in this matrix in order to evaluate the presence of these viruses in the population, highlighting the usefulness of this approach to define and apply social distancing. This study suggests that waters from swimming pools are not a source of infection for SARS-CoV-2, although more studies are needed including infectivity assays in order to confirm this statement.

摘要

由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 型(SARS-CoV-2)引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行不仅对人类健康产生影响,还对所有经济活动产生影响,特别是与旅游业相关的经济活动。在这项研究中,为了确定乌拉圭一个温泉公园是否存在 SARS-CoV-2,研究人员通过定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)分析了该地区的游泳池水、废水和地表水。还评估了位于温泉区附近的萨尔托市的废水以及轮状病毒(RV)的存在情况。总的来说,在所分析的 102 个样本中,有 13%(13/102)检测到了 SARS-CoV-2。此外,在游泳池水中的任何样本中都没有检测到这种病毒,而在酒店区的废水样本中,有 18%(3/17)检测到了这种病毒,这表明在萨尔托市的病毒载量和感染人数之间存在相同的趋势。在萨尔托市的废水样本(32%(11/34))中也检测到了 SARS-CoV-2,当有 105 人检测出 SARS-CoV-2 阳性时,首次检测到了阳性样本。仅在部分封锁措施实施的月份(10%(2/24))的废水样本中检测到了轮状病毒,然而,当社会隔离措施和部分封锁措施放宽时,几乎所有的废水样本都检测到了这种病毒。废水结果证实了在该基质中检测和定量病毒以评估这些病毒在人群中的存在的优势,突出了这种方法在确定和应用社会隔离方面的有用性。本研究表明,游泳池水不是 SARS-CoV-2 的感染源,尽管需要进行更多的研究,包括感染性试验,以证实这一说法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/372b/9525940/c31a647019b2/12560_2022_9537_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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