Shang Yueyong, Wei Shuaishuai, Chang Xueqing, Mao Yiran, Dupont Sam, Kar-Hei Fang James, Hu Menghong, Wang Youji
International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
Front Physiol. 2022 Sep 6;13:991098. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.991098. eCollection 2022.
As global climate change has dramatically impacted the ocean, severe temperature elevation and a decline in primary productivity has frequently occurred, which has affected the structure of coastal biomes. In this study, the sex-specific responses to temperature change and food availability in mussels were determined in terms of digestive performance. The thick-shelled mussels (male and female) were exposed to different temperature and nutritional conditions for 30 days. The results showed that the digestive enzymes of mussels were significantly affected by temperature, food, sex, and their interactions. High temperature (30°C) and starvation significantly decreased amylase, lysozyme, and pepsase activities of female mussels, while trypsin and trehalase did not change significantly at the experimental end. The activity of amylase, trypsin, and trehalase was significantly reduced in males at high temperature (30°C) under starvation treatment, but high temperature (30°C) elevated pepsase. Unsurprisingly, starvation caused the reduction of lysozyme and pepsase under 25°C in males. Amylase, lipase, and trehalase were higher in female mussels compared with males, while the enzymatic activities of lysozyme, pepsase, and trypsin were higher in male mussels than females. Principal component analysis showed that different enzyme activity indexes were separated in male and female mussels, indicating that male and female mussels exhibited significantly different digestive abilities under temperature and food condition change. The study clarified sex-specific response difference in mussel digestive enzymes under warming and starvation and provided guidance for the development of mussel aquaculture (high temperature management and feeding strategy) under changing marine environments.
由于全球气候变化对海洋产生了巨大影响，海洋温度急剧升高且初级生产力下降的情况频繁发生，这影响了沿海生物群落的结构。在本研究中，从消化性能方面确定了贻贝对温度变化和食物可利用性的性别特异性反应。将厚壳贻贝（雄性和雌性）暴露于不同温度和营养条件下30天。结果表明，贻贝的消化酶受到温度、食物、性别及其相互作用的显著影响。高温（30°C）和饥饿显著降低了雌性贻贝的淀粉酶、溶菌酶和胃蛋白酶活性，而在实验结束时胰蛋白酶和海藻糖酶没有显著变化。在饥饿处理下，高温（30°C）使雄性贻贝的淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和海藻糖酶活性显著降低，但高温（30°C）使胃蛋白酶活性升高。不出所料，饥饿导致雄性贻贝在25°C下溶菌酶和胃蛋白酶减少。雌性贻贝的淀粉酶、脂肪酶和海藻糖酶高于雄性，而雄性贻贝的溶菌酶、胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的酶活性高于雌性。主成分分析表明，雄性和雌性贻贝的不同酶活性指标相互分离，这表明在温度和食物条件变化下，雄性和雌性贻贝表现出显著不同的消化能力。该研究阐明了变暖及饥饿条件下贻贝消化酶的性别特异性反应差异，并为变化的海洋环境下贻贝养殖（高温管理和投喂策略）的发展提供了指导。
