Knebusch Toriello Nicole, Prato Alterio Natalia María, Ramírez Villeda Lourdes María
Baccalaureus Scientiae in Clinical Nutrition, Guatemala, Guatemala.
Curr Trop Med Rep. 2022;9(4):250-256. doi: 10.1007/s40475-022-00268-3. Epub 2022 Sep 26.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a spike in newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (NDDM). NDDM and COVID-19 infection are not well established as a cause-and-effect relationship; hence, the present review aims to define the underlying causes and consequences of COVID-19 infection in relation to the condition.
β-Cells are infiltrated by SARS-CoV-2, causing glycometabolic dysfunction and insulin dysregulation. The disease causes systemic inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as hormonal changes that lead to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia that are difficult to manage. As a result of NDDM, complications related to COVID-19 infection become more severe.
NDDM related to COVID-19 infection complicates hospitalization outcomes and adversely affects quality of life in patients. There are many possible causes and consequences associated with NDDM, but for establishing preventive measures and treatments for NDDM, more evidence regarding its epidemiology, physiopathology, etiology, and nutritional aspects is required.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）导致新诊断糖尿病（NDDM）病例激增。NDDM与COVID-19感染之间的因果关系尚未明确确立；因此，本综述旨在明确COVID-19感染与该病症相关的潜在原因和后果。
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）侵袭β细胞，导致糖代谢功能障碍和胰岛素调节异常。该疾病引发全身炎症和促炎细胞因子，以及导致胰岛素抵抗和难以控制的高血糖的激素变化。由于NDDM，与COVID-19感染相关的并发症变得更加严重。
与COVID-19感染相关的NDDM使住院结局复杂化，并对患者的生活质量产生不利影响。NDDM存在许多可能的原因和后果，但为了制定NDDM的预防措施和治疗方法，需要更多关于其流行病学、生理病理学、病因学和营养方面的证据。
