Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France.
Laboratory of Cell Physiology, INSERM U1003, University of Lille, Lille, France.
Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 14;13:928886. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.928886. eCollection 2022.
Asthma is an extremely prevalent chronic inflammatory disease of the airway where innate and adaptive immune systems participate collectively with epithelial and other structural cells to cause airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus overproduction, airway narrowing, and remodeling. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of intracellular innate immune sensors that detect microbe-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns, well-recognized for their central roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and host defense against bacteria, viruses and fungi. In recent times, NLRs have been increasingly acknowledged as much more than innate sensors and have emerged also as relevant players in diseases classically defined by their adaptive immune responses such as asthma. In this review article, we discuss the current knowledge and recent developments about NLR expression, activation and function in relation to asthma and examine the potential interventions in NLR signaling as asthma immunomodulatory therapies.
哮喘是一种极其常见的气道慢性炎症性疾病，先天和适应性免疫系统与上皮细胞和其他结构细胞共同参与，导致气道高反应性、黏液过度产生、气道狭窄和重塑。核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域（NOD）样受体（NLRs）是一组细胞内先天免疫传感器，可检测微生物相关分子模式和损伤相关分子模式，它们在维持组织内稳态和宿主防御细菌、病毒和真菌方面发挥着核心作用，这一点已得到广泛认可。近年来，NLR 已不仅仅被认为是先天传感器，而且也被认为是经典的适应性免疫反应疾病（如哮喘）中的重要参与者。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了 NLR 在哮喘中的表达、激活和功能的最新知识和最新进展，并研究了 NLR 信号作为哮喘免疫调节治疗的潜在干预措施。
