Horwood Jeremy, Pithara Christalla, Lorenc Ava, Kesten Joanna M, Murphy Mairead, Turner Andrew, Farr Michelle, Banks Jon, Redwood Sabi, Lambert Helen, Donovan Jenny L
The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Front Sociol. 2022 Sep 15;7:970333. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.970333. eCollection 2022.
A key challenge for qualitative methods in applied health research is the fast pace that can characterize the public health and health and care service landscape, where there is a need for research informed by immediate pragmatic questions and relevant findings are required quickly to inform decision-making. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the pace at which evidence was needed to inform urgent public health and healthcare decision-making. This required qualitative researchers to step up to the challenge of conducting research at speed whilst maintaining rigor and ensuring the findings are credible. This article illustrates how working with multidisciplinary, collaborative teams and the tailoring of qualitative methods to be more pragmatic and efficient can provide timely and credible results. Using time-limited case studies of applied qualitative health research drawn from the work of the Behavioral and Qualitative Science Team from the National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), we illustrate our collaborative and intensive pragmatic qualitative (CLIP-Q) approach. CLIP-Q involves (i) collaboration at all stages of the design, conduct and implementation of projects and, where possible, co-production with people with lived experience, (ii) an intensive team-based approach to data collection and analysis at pace, and (iii) pragmatic study design and efficient strategies at each stage of the research process. The case studies include projects conducted pre COVID-19 and during the first wave of the pandemic, where urgent evidence was required in weeks rather than months to inform rapid public health and healthcare decision making.
应用健康研究中的定性方法面临的一个关键挑战是公共卫生以及健康和护理服务领域的快节奏特点，在这个领域中，需要基于当下实际问题开展研究，并迅速获得相关研究结果以指导决策。新冠疫情加快了为紧急公共卫生和医疗决策提供依据所需证据的获取速度。这就要求定性研究人员应对在保证严谨性并确保研究结果可信的同时快速开展研究的挑战。本文阐述了与多学科协作团队合作以及调整定性方法使其更注重实际且高效，如何能够提供及时且可信的结果。通过对来自国家卫生与保健研究所应用研究合作西部分部（NIHR ARC West）行为与定性科学团队工作中的应用定性健康研究进行限时案例分析，我们展示了我们的协作式密集实用定性（CLIP-Q）方法。CLIP-Q包括：（i）在项目设计、实施和执行的各个阶段进行协作，并在可能的情况下与有实际生活经验的人共同开展研究；（ii）采用基于团队的密集方法快速进行数据收集和分析；（iii）在研究过程的每个阶段采用实用的研究设计和高效策略。这些案例研究包括在新冠疫情之前以及疫情第一波期间开展的项目，当时需要在数周而非数月内获得紧急证据，以指导快速的公共卫生和医疗决策。
