Kulig K W, Bar-Or D, Rumack B H
Ann Emerg Med. 1987 Aug;16(8):842-6. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(87)80519-x.
Large overdoses of IV theophylline (50 to 100 mg/kg) were administered to five canines on two separate occasions. On day one, with no charcoal administered, theophylline levels were serially obtained between ten minutes and 12 hours after infusion and the animals were recovered from anesthesia. Three days later the same dose of theophylline was administered, but then 50 g activated charcoal was placed through a nasogastric tube into the duodenum every hour for eight doses. In all five animals tested, activated charcoal significantly decreased the area under the serum concentration-time curve, decreased the half-life of elimination, and increased the clearance of theophylline. This effect on pharmacokinetics was not seen when the nasogastric tube was put into the stomach instead of the small bowel because the charcoal administered did not pass beyond the pylorus. In a separate experiment in which bile theophylline concentrations were measured, it was demonstrated that enhanced elimination was not from interruption of enterohepatic circulation of theophylline. This suggests that the demonstrated physiologic mechanism is that of gastrointestinal dialysis.
在两个不同的时间段，给五只犬静脉注射了大剂量的茶碱（50至100毫克/千克）。第一天，未给予活性炭，在输注后10分钟至12小时内连续测定茶碱水平，然后使动物从麻醉中苏醒。三天后，给予相同剂量的茶碱，但随后通过鼻胃管每小时向十二指肠内注入50克活性炭，共注入八次。在所有五只受试动物中，活性炭显著降低了血清浓度 - 时间曲线下的面积，缩短了消除半衰期，并增加了茶碱的清除率。当鼻胃管插入胃而非小肠时，未观察到这种对药代动力学的影响，因为注入的活性炭未通过幽门。在一项单独的测量胆汁中茶碱浓度的实验中，结果表明增强的消除并非源于茶碱肝肠循环的中断。这表明所证实的生理机制是胃肠透析。
