Martínez-Padilla Laura Patricia, Hernández-Rojas Floover Steven, Sosa-Herrera María Guadalupe, Juliano Pablo
Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Laboratorio de Propiedades Reológicas y Funcionales en Alimentos, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Primero de mayo s/n, 54740 Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. de México Mexico.
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Rd, Werribee, VIC 3030 Australia.
J Food Sci Technol. 2022 Oct;59(10):3857-3866. doi: 10.1007/s13197-022-05409-0. Epub 2022 Mar 5.
Alternative methods for wet extraction of coconut oil and protein assisted by ultrasound or microwave were developed and compared. Coconut milk was prepared by milling the pulp (5:1 water to coconut pulp ratio), further destabilised at pH 4 and centrifuged to obtain the cream and cream protein fractions (control process). Microwave-assisted treatment applied in milk (1 min, 3 pulses of 20 s; 2.5 GHz; 4.31 kW/kg by pulse) generated a significant increase in cream obtained, and in the coconut oil extraction yield (~ 20%) compared to its control. The ultrasound-assisted treatment (2.5 min; 24 kHz; 0.573 kW/kg, 6.85 W/cm) also improved oil extraction (10-16%). Moreover, a higher protein yield was achieved in ultrasound treated samples when compared to their control (49.6-86.1%). Large particles of 11 m , probably aggregates of particles, and smaller particles of 3.6 m , were detected in coconut milk, which were reduced by ultrasound effect. Alternative treatments caused a greater liberation of total phenols in coconut cream. Coconut proteins in water (0.1%) showed high negative electrokinetic potential. The surface pressure of coconut proteins at the air/water interface was not modified by assisted treatments.
开发并比较了超声或微波辅助湿法提取椰子油和蛋白质的替代方法。通过研磨果肉（水与椰子果肉比例为5:1）制备椰奶，在pH 4条件下进一步使其不稳定，然后离心以获得乳脂和乳脂蛋白组分（对照工艺）。与对照相比，对椰奶进行微波辅助处理（1分钟，3个20秒的脉冲；2.5吉赫兹；每个脉冲4.31千瓦/千克）使获得的乳脂和椰子油提取率显著提高（约20%）。超声辅助处理（2.5分钟；24千赫兹；0.573千瓦/千克，6.85瓦/平方厘米）也提高了油的提取率（10 - 16%）。此外，与对照相比，超声处理的样品获得了更高的蛋白质产量（49.6 - 86.1%）。在椰奶中检测到11微米的大颗粒（可能是颗粒聚集体）和3.6微米的小颗粒，超声作用使其减少。替代处理使椰子乳脂中总酚的释放量更大。水中（0.1%）的椰子蛋白显示出高负电动电位。辅助处理未改变椰子蛋白在空气/水界面的表面压力。
