College of Food and Biological Engineering(Liquor College), Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Postdoctoral Programme, Henan Yangshao Distillery Co., Ltd., Mianchi, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 4;17(10):e0274881. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274881. eCollection 2022.
To study the difference between the fungal community compositional and fragrance components in medium- and high-Temperature Taorong-type Baijiu Daqu. The microbial communities and fragrance components of Taorong-type Baijiu Daqu were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and headspace-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). With an abundance at the phylum and genus levels ≥0.01% as the threshold, 3 phyla, Mucoromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota, were found in both medium- and high-temperature Daqu, but their abundances differed. At the genus level, 15 and 13 genera were recognized. Rhizopus (72.40%) and Thermomyces (53.32%) accounted for the most significant proportions in medium-temperature and high-temperature Daqu, respectively. Medium-temperature Daqu and high-temperature Daqu were found to have 40 and 29 fragrance components, respectively and contained the highest proportions of pyrazines (53.12%) and acids (32.68%). Correlation analyses between microbes and fragrance components showed that Aspergillus, Hyphopichia, Trichosporon, Alternaria were all highly and positively correlated with pyrazines, but the dominant fungal communities were highly correlated with only a few individual acid compounds but not with acid compounds overall. The unique Daqu -making process and environment lead to these differences.
为了研究中高温桃源型白酒大曲中真菌群落组成和香气成分的差异。采用高通量测序（HTS）和顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用（HS-SPME-GC-MS）分析了桃源型白酒大曲的微生物群落和香气成分。以丰度在门和属水平上≥0.01%为阈值，在中温和高温大曲中均发现了 3 个门，毛霉门、子囊菌门和担子菌门，但它们的丰度不同。在属水平上，鉴定出 15 个属和 13 个属。中温大曲和高温大曲中根霉（72.40%）和嗜热丝孢菌（53.32%）的比例最高。中温大曲和高温大曲分别含有 40 种和 29 种香气成分，其中吡嗪（53.12%）和酸（32.68%）的比例最高。微生物与香气成分的相关性分析表明，曲霉属、毛壳菌属、假丝酵母属、链格孢属与吡嗪呈高度正相关，但优势真菌群落仅与少数个别酸类化合物高度相关，而与酸类化合物整体不相关。独特的大曲制作工艺和环境导致了这些差异。
