Itose Masakatsu, Suzawa Tetsuo, Shibata Yo, Ohba Shinsuke, Ishikawa Koji, Inagaki Katsunori, Shirota Tatsuo, Kamijo Ryutaro
Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Regen Ther. 2022 Sep 24;21:398-405. doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.09.003. eCollection 2022 Dec.
The low healing potential of mature menisci necessitates traditional surgical removal (meniscectomy) to eliminate acute or chronic degenerative tears. However, removal of meniscal tissue is main factor causing osteoarthritis. Adipose tissue-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs), a heterogeneous cell population that includes multipotent adipose-derived stem cells and other progenitor cells, were easily isolated in large amounts from autologous adipose tissue, and same-day processing without culture or expansion was possible. This study investigated the regenerative potential of autologous ADRCs for use in meniscus defects.
In 10- to 12-week-old male SD rat partial meniscectomy model, an atelocollagen sponge scaffold without or with ADRCs (5.0 × 10 cells) was injected into each meniscus defect. Reconstructed menisci were subjected to histologic, and dynamic mechanical analyses.
After 12 weeks, areas of regenerated meniscal tissue in the atelocollagen sponge scaffold in rats with ADRCs (64.54 ± 0.52%, < 0.05, n = 10) were larger than in those without injection (57.96 ± 0.45%). ADRCs were shown capable of differentiating chondrocyte-like cells and meniscal tissue components such as type II collagen. Higher elastic moduli and lower fluid permeability of regenerated meniscal tissue demonstrated a favorable structure-function relationship required for native menisci, most likely in association with micron-scale porosity, with the lowest level for tissue integrity possibly reproducible.
This is the first report of meniscus regeneration induced by injection of ADRCs. The results indicate that ADRCs will be useful in future clinical cell-based therapy strategies, including as a cell source for reconstruction of damaged knee menisci.
成熟半月板的愈合潜力较低，因此传统手术切除（半月板切除术）是消除急性或慢性退行性撕裂的必要手段。然而，半月板组织的切除是导致骨关节炎的主要因素。脂肪组织来源的再生细胞（ADRCs）是一种异质性细胞群体，包括多能脂肪来源干细胞和其他祖细胞，易于从自体脂肪组织中大量分离，并且可以在同一天进行处理，无需培养或扩增。本研究调查了自体ADRCs用于半月板缺损的再生潜力。
在10至12周龄雄性SD大鼠部分半月板切除模型中，将不含或含有ADRCs（5.0×10个细胞）的去细胞胶原海绵支架注入每个半月板缺损处。对重建的半月板进行组织学和动态力学分析。
12周后，注射ADRCs的大鼠去细胞胶原海绵支架中再生半月板组织的面积（64.54±0.52%，<0.）大于未注射的大鼠（57.96±0.45%）。ADRCs能够分化为软骨样细胞和半月板组织成分，如II型胶原。再生半月板组织的弹性模量较高，流体渗透率较低，表明天然半月板所需的结构-功能关系良好，这很可能与微米级孔隙率有关，组织完整性的最低水平可能是可再现的。
这是关于注射ADRCs诱导半月板再生的首次报道。结果表明，ADRCs在未来基于细胞的临床治疗策略中将是有用的，包括作为重建受损膝关节半月板的细胞来源。
