British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK.
Glob Chang Biol. 2023 Jan;29(1):5-6. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16468. Epub 2022 Oct 17.
Antarctic marine species live in one of the most thermally stable environments on Earth. They have evolved in these cold stable conditions for many millions of years. The long period for evolution, the isolation and mixing of populations produced by glacial cycles and the environmental heterogeneity in terms of light, productivity and physical disturbance, has produced a diverse fauna with an estimated 20 000 species, or more, living on the seabed. It has also produced a fauna that is possibly the most sensitive to warming on Earth in an environment that is changing faster than most, if not all, others. There is a great need to understand this threatened biodiversity and to find ways to mitigate the future prospects of species loss in this special environment that supports unique biology including the only vertebrate species on Earth that live without haemoglobin.
南极海洋物种生活在地球上温度最稳定的环境之一。它们在这些寒冷稳定的条件下已经进化了数百万年。漫长的进化时期、冰川循环产生的种群隔离和混合以及光照、生产力和物理干扰方面的环境异质性，产生了一个多样化的动物群，估计有 20000 种或更多种生活在海底。它还产生了一种可能是地球上对变暖最敏感的动物群，在这个变化速度比大多数甚至所有其他环境都快的环境中。我们非常有必要了解这种受到威胁的生物多样性，并找到在这个特殊环境中减少物种丧失的未来前景的方法，这个环境支持着独特的生物学，包括地球上唯一一种没有血红蛋白的脊椎动物物种。
