Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4319, USA.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2022 Oct 20;58(84):11746-11761. doi: 10.1039/d2cc04628h.
Continually increasing global energy demand perpetuates the need for effective alternative energy sources and 'green' industrial processes. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial to the development of hydrogen fuel cells, a key device in the development of alternative energy sources. Further, the ORR to hydrogen peroxide by electrochemical means can provide an environmentally friendly alternative to its industrial production, which is capital and energy intensive. While Pt has traditionally been the best electrocatalyst for the ORR, inspiration from active sites in nature that bind and transport O has led to the development of earth-abundant transition metal catalysts. However, despite the prevalence of Mn-based active sites that bind and activate O in biological systems, there remains a lack of developed Mn-centered catalysts for ORR in comparison to Fe and Co. Here, we summarize known Mn-based molecular electrocatalysts for the ORR and describe their activity as well as future directions of the field.
不断增长的全球能源需求使人们持续需要有效的替代能源和“绿色”工业工艺。氧还原反应（ORR）对于氢燃料电池的发展至关重要，而氢燃料电池是替代能源发展的关键装置。此外，通过电化学方法将 ORR 转化为过氧化氢可以为其工业生产提供一种环保的替代方法，因为该工业生产过程资本和能源密集度高。虽然 Pt 一直是 ORR 的最佳电催化剂，但从自然界中结合和传输 O 的活性位点获得的灵感促使人们开发了丰富的过渡金属催化剂。然而，尽管生物系统中存在许多结合和激活 O 的基于 Mn 的活性位点，但与 Fe 和 Co 相比，用于 ORR 的 Mn 中心催化剂的开发仍相对较少。在这里，我们总结了已知的用于 ORR 的基于 Mn 的分子电催化剂，并描述了它们的活性以及该领域的未来发展方向。
