Laboratoire de Biotechnologies, Physiologie et Biologie Moléculaire Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
Institut Supérieur des Métiers de l'Agriculture, Université de Kara (ISMA-UK), Kara, Togo.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 5;17(10):e0252362. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252362. eCollection 2022.
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a crop with significant agronomic and nutritional value. In Togo, the crop is very appreciated by local people. It is the third food habit in Togo after maize and rice. However, several accessions of cowpea cultivated in Togo are now prone to extinction, creating a risk of genetic erosion. It is therefore urgent to assess the genetic diversity of accessions in order to set up a good conservation program. To achieve this, genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 70 accessions of cowpea collected in the five (5) administrative regions of Togo were assessed using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular markers. The twenty-eight SSR primers used in this study generated a total of 164 alleles with an average of 5.82 alleles per locus. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values ranged from 0.20 to 0.89 with an average value of 0.58. Population structure analysis using model-based revealed that the cowpea germplasm was grouped into two subpopulations. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 98% of genetic variation existed among accessions within regions. The fixation index (Fst) value, which was 0.069 was low, indicating relatively low population differentiation. The phylogenetic analysis grouped the 70 accessions into two main groups that can be further divided into four groups independent of their origins. This study provides a foundation for a Togolese cowpea germplasm conservation program and can serve for the selection of parental material for further studies aimed at the genetic improvement of local germplasm.
豇豆（Vigna unguiculata（L.）Walp.）是一种具有重要农艺和营养价值的作物。在多哥，这种作物深受当地人的喜爱。它是多哥继玉米和水稻之后的第三大主食。然而，多哥种植的一些豇豆品种现在正面临灭绝的危险，这可能导致遗传侵蚀。因此，迫切需要评估品种的遗传多样性，以制定良好的保护计划。为了实现这一目标，本研究利用简单重复序列（SSR）分子标记评估了多哥五个行政区收集的 70 个豇豆品种的遗传多样性和系统发育关系。本研究使用的 28 个 SSR 引物共产生了 164 个等位基因，平均每个位点 5.82 个等位基因。多态信息含量（PIC）值范围为 0.20 至 0.89，平均值为 0.58。基于模型的群体结构分析表明，豇豆种质分为两个亚群。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，98%的遗传变异存在于区域内的品种之间。固定指数（Fst）值为 0.069，较低，表明种群分化程度相对较低。系统发育分析将 70 个品种分为两个主要组，这两个组可以进一步分为四个独立于起源的组。本研究为多哥豇豆种质保护计划提供了基础，并可用于选择亲本材料，以进一步研究当地种质的遗传改良。
