Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia.
Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 5;17(10):e0275650. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275650. eCollection 2022.
The objectives of this study were to 1) assess the differences between youth soccer and basketball players with and without past year groin pain (GP) in hip adduction and abduction strength and several training characteristics (age at the start of regular training, weekly training frequency, warm-up and training duration, use of stretching and/or stabilisation exercises during warm-up, use of resistance training); 2) present strength reference values for youth soccer and basketball players. 227 players participated (age 16.9 ± 1.4 years; height 184.2 ± 8.5 cm; mass 75.5 ± 11.9 kg). Hip adduction and abduction strength was measured in supine position (hip, knee and ankle in neutral position) using a MuscleBoard dynamometer. Interlimb asymmetries and hip adduction:abduction ratios were calculated. Past year GP and training characteristics were assessed with a retrospective questionnaire. 11.9% of players reported past year GP (16.9% in soccer and 6.4% in basketball). The only significant difference between the past year GP and the control groups was found in the age of the players at the start of regular training (7.2 ± 1.8 years for the GP group vs. 8.5 ± 2.6 years for the control group). Additionally, soccer players without past year GP have significantly higher hip adduction strength (1.1 ± 0.2 Nm/kg vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 Nm/kg) and adduction:abduction strength ratio (1.10 ± 0.18 vs. 1.03 ± 0.16) compared to basketball players. Our results show that hip adduction and abduction strength, interlimb asymmetry and hip adduction:abduction ratio do not differentiate between players with and without past year GP (p = 0.29-0.90), which means that their adduction or abduction strength can be analysed regardless of the GP presence in the past year. Additionally, players with past year GP started regularly training at significantly lower age, which could indicate the problematic nature of early/premature sports specialisation.
1）评估过去一年有腹股沟疼痛（GP）和无 GP 的青年足球和篮球运动员在髋关节内收和外展力量以及几个训练特征（开始常规训练的年龄、每周训练频率、热身和训练持续时间、热身时伸展和/或稳定练习的使用、抗阻训练的使用）方面的差异；2）为青年足球和篮球运动员提供力量参考值。共有 227 名运动员参与（年龄 16.9 ± 1.4 岁；身高 184.2 ± 8.5cm；体重 75.5 ± 11.9kg）。髋关节内收和外展力量在仰卧位（髋关节、膝关节和踝关节处于中立位）下使用 MuscleBoard 测力计进行测量。计算了肢体间的不对称性和髋关节内收与外展的比值。过去一年的 GP 和训练特征通过回顾性问卷进行评估。11.9%的运动员报告过去一年有 GP（足球运动员中为 16.9%，篮球运动员中为 6.4%）。在过去一年有 GP 和对照组之间，只有运动员开始常规训练的年龄存在显著差异（GP 组为 7.2 ± 1.8 岁，对照组为 8.5 ± 2.6 岁）。此外，过去一年无 GP 的足球运动员髋关节内收力量明显较高（1.1 ± 0.2 Nm/kg 比 1.0 ± 0.2 Nm/kg），内收与外展力量比值也较高（1.10 ± 0.18 比 1.03 ± 0.16）。与篮球运动员相比。我们的结果表明，髋关节内收和外展力量、肢体间不对称性和髋关节内收与外展的比值并不能区分过去一年有和无 GP 的运动员（p=0.29-0.90），这意味着无论过去一年是否有 GP，都可以分析他们的内收或外展力量。此外，过去一年有 GP 的运动员开始常规训练的年龄明显较低，这可能表明早期/过早的专项化具有问题性。
