Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Harbin, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PeerJ. 2022 Sep 30;10:e14080. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14080. eCollection 2022.
As people's demand for healthy diet increases, improving soybean seed nutritional quality is becoming as important as yield. Carbon ion beam radiation (CIBR) is an effective method to create soybean mutants, and thus breeding cultivars with better seed nutritional quality. In this study, the high-yield soybean line 'Dongsheng 28' was used, and three CIBR doses (100, 120, and 140 Gy) were used to explore the characteristics of quality separation and variation in the offspring of early mutant populations. Eleven quality traits, including protein, oil, sucrose, soluble sugar, iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), cupper (Cu), daidzin, glycitin, and genistin concentrations were analyzed in the M and M generations. The results revealed that the range of protein and oil concentration of all three CIBR doses changed by 38.5-42.9% and 18.8-23.8% in the M and M generations, respectively, while soluble sugar and sucrose concentrations changed by 48.1-123.4 and 22.7-74.7 mg/g, with significant effects by 140 Gy across the two generations. Therefore, around the optimum range, a higher CIBR dose is better for high protein, oil, and sugar varieties selection. In general, irradiation raised isoflavone concentrations, but 140 Gy had an inhibitory effect on isoflavone concentrations in the M generation. Although a variety could not be released in the M or M generation, the results of this study have important guiding significance for the targeted cultivation of specific nutritional quality materials. For instance, a lower irradiation dose is preferable when breeding targets are higher isoflavones and Mn concentrations. It is essential to increase the irradiation dose if the breeding targets contain high levels of protein, oil, sucrose, soluble sugars, Fe, Zn, and Cu.
随着人们对健康饮食的需求增加，提高大豆种子的营养品质变得与产量同样重要。碳离子束辐射（CIBR）是创造大豆突变体的有效方法，从而培育出具有更好种子营养品质的品种。在这项研究中，使用了高产大豆品系“东升 28”，并使用了三种 CIBR 剂量（100、120 和 140Gy）来探索早期突变体群体后代的质量分离和变异特征。在 M 和 M 世代中，分析了 11 个质量性状，包括蛋白质、油、蔗糖、可溶性糖、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）、大豆苷、大豆苷元和染料木苷的浓度。结果表明，三种 CIBR 剂量下的蛋白质和油浓度范围在 M 和 M 世代中分别变化了 38.5-42.9%和 18.8-23.8%，而可溶性糖和蔗糖浓度分别变化了 48.1-123.4 和 22.7-74.7mg/g，140Gy 在两代中均有显著影响。因此，在最佳范围内，较高的 CIBR 剂量更有利于高蛋白、高油和高糖品种的选择。总的来说，辐射提高了异黄酮的浓度，但 140Gy 在 M 代中对异黄酮浓度有抑制作用。尽管在 M 或 M 代都不能释放品种，但这项研究的结果对特定营养品质材料的有针对性培养具有重要指导意义。例如，在培育目标是更高异黄酮和 Mn 浓度时，较低的辐照剂量是可取的。如果培育目标包含高蛋白、油、蔗糖、可溶性糖、Fe、Zn 和 Cu，则必须增加辐照剂量。
