Luukkonen Tero, Yliniemi Juho, Walkley Brant, Geddes Daniel, Griffith Ben, Hanna John V, Provis John L, Kinnunen Paivo, Illikainen Mirja
Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu Finland
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD UK.
RSC Adv. 2022 Sep 12;12(40):25822-25832. doi: 10.1039/d2ra04456k.
Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) have been known as an alternative cementitious binder in construction for more than 120 years. Several buildings utilizing AAMs were realized in Europe in the 1950s-1980s. During the last 30 years, the interest towards AAMs has been reinvigorated due to the potentially lower CO footprint in comparison to Portland cement. However, one often-raised issue with AAMs is the lack of long-term studies concerning durability in realistic conditions. In the present study, we examined a roof tile, which was prepared from alkali-activated blast furnace slag mortar and exposed to harsh Northern Scandinavian weather conditions in Turku, Finland, for approximately 30 years. Characterization of this roof tile provides unique and crucial information about the changes occurring during AAM lifetime. The results obtained with a suite of analytical techniques indicate that the roof tile had maintained excellent durability properties with little sign of structural disintegration in real-life living lab conditions, and thus provide in part assurance that AAM-based binders can be safely adopted in harsh climates. The phase assemblage and nanostructural characterization results reported here further elucidate the long-term changes occurring in AAMs and provide reference points for accelerated durability tests and thermodynamic modelling.
在建筑领域，碱激发材料（AAMs）作为一种替代胶凝材料已有120多年的历史。20世纪50年代至80年代，欧洲建成了几座使用AAMs的建筑。在过去30年里，与波特兰水泥相比，AAMs潜在的较低碳足迹重新激发了人们对其的兴趣。然而，AAMs经常出现的一个问题是缺乏关于实际条件下耐久性的长期研究。在本研究中，我们检测了一块由碱激发高炉矿渣砂浆制成的屋顶瓦片，该瓦片在芬兰图尔库暴露于北欧恶劣的天气条件下约30年。对这块屋顶瓦片的表征提供了关于AAM使用寿命期间发生变化的独特而关键的信息。一系列分析技术获得的结果表明，在实际生活实验室条件下，该屋顶瓦片保持了优异的耐久性，几乎没有结构解体的迹象，从而部分保证了基于AAM的粘结剂可以在恶劣气候下安全使用。本文报道的相组成和纳米结构表征结果进一步阐明了AAMs中发生的长期变化，并为加速耐久性试验和热力学建模提供了参考点。
