Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa 388421, India.
Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2023;22(10):1462-1471. doi: 10.2174/1871527322666221005124808.
Over the past 20 years, advances in the field of pathogenesis have inspired researchers to look into novel pharmacological therapeutics that are more focused on the pathophysiological events of the disease (AD). This review article discussed the prior use of statins for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease, which can help prevent the disease. Other drugs, such as memantine and donepezil, are available, but they cannot prevent the onset of AD in middle age. Based on available clinical data, the valuable effects of statins are mediated by alteration of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau metabolism, genetic and lifestyle risk factors, along with other clinical aspects of AD. These findings suggested that using statins in middle age may help to prevent Alzheimer's disease by modifying genetic and non-genetic risk factors in later stages of life. In the present review, we elaborated upon the modification of risk factors and amyloid metabolism in the development and progression of AD and their modulation through atorvastatin. Future directions in the research and treatment of Alzheimer's disease patients include the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to change target expression, and researchers discovered decreased markers of oxidative stress in tissues affected by tau pathology in response to RNA interference treatment.
在过去的 20 年中，发病机制领域的进展促使研究人员探索更专注于疾病（AD）病理生理事件的新型药理学治疗方法。本文综述了他汀类药物预防阿尔茨海默病的先前应用，这有助于预防该疾病。其他药物，如美金刚和多奈哌齐，虽然可用，但不能预防中年时 AD 的发病。基于现有临床数据，他汀类药物的有益作用是通过改变β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）和tau 代谢、遗传和生活方式风险因素以及 AD 的其他临床方面来介导的。这些发现表明，在中年使用他汀类药物可能有助于通过改变生命后期的遗传和非遗传风险因素来预防阿尔茨海默病。在本综述中，我们详细阐述了风险因素和淀粉样蛋白代谢在 AD 的发展和进展中的改变，以及阿托伐他汀对其的调节。未来阿尔茨海默病患者的研究和治疗方向包括使用反义寡核苷酸（ASO）改变靶基因表达，以及研究人员发现，针对tau 病理学的组织中氧化应激标志物减少，这是对 RNA 干扰治疗的反应。
