Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
Endocrinology. 2022 Oct 23;163(12). doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqac164.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disease affecting up to 15% of women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS suffer from reproductive dysfunctions with excessive androgen secretion and irregular ovulation, leading to reduced fertility and pregnancy complications. The syndrome is associated with a wide range of comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and psychiatric disorders. Despite the high prevalence of PCOS, its etiology remains unclear. To understand the pathophysiology of PCOS, how it is inherited, and how to predict PCOS, and prevent and treat women with the syndrome, animal models provide an important approach to answering these fundamental questions. This minireview summarizes recent investigative efforts on PCOS-like rodent models aiming to define underlying mechanisms of the disease and provide guidance in model selection. The focus is on new genetic rodent models, on a naturally occurring rodent model, and provides an update on prenatal and peripubertal exposure models.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种影响多达 15%育龄妇女的复杂疾病。患有 PCOS 的女性表现出生殖功能障碍，雄激素分泌过多和排卵不规则，导致生育能力降低和妊娠并发症。该综合征与多种合并症相关，包括 2 型糖尿病、肥胖症和精神障碍。尽管 PCOS 患病率很高，但病因仍不清楚。为了了解 PCOS 的病理生理学、遗传方式以及如何预测 PCOS 并预防和治疗患有该综合征的女性，动物模型为回答这些基本问题提供了重要途径。本篇迷你综述总结了最近针对 PCOS 样啮齿动物模型的研究进展，旨在确定该疾病的潜在机制，并为模型选择提供指导。重点介绍了新的遗传啮齿动物模型、一种自然发生的啮齿动物模型，并更新了产前和围青春期暴露模型。
