College of Nursing, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, and the University of Colorado Population Center and the Population Program and Geography Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado; the Health Research Consortium (CISIDAT), Cuernavaca, Mexico; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, and the OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon.
Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Nov 1;140(5):784-792. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004921. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
To examine current contraceptive use by parity among four ethnicity and nativity groups: non-Latina White women in the United States, Mexican-American women in the United States, foreign-born women of Mexican origin in the United States, and Mexican women in Mexico.
We combined nationally representative data from sexually active women, aged 15-44 years, and not seeking pregnancy from the U.S. National Survey of Family Growth and the Mexican National Survey of Demographic Dynamics. This is a secondary binational analysis. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated the prevalence of moderately or most effective contraceptive method use (compared with least effective or no contraceptive method) by ethnicity and nativity and tested the interaction between ethnicity and nativity and parity.
Compared with non-Latina White women, women of Mexican origin had lower odds of using a moderately or most effective contraceptive method (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] [95% CI] Mexican-American women: 0.69 [0.54-0.87]; foreign-born women: 0.67 [0.48-0.95]; Mexican women in Mexico: 0.59 [0.40-0.87]). Among parous women, the adjusted probability of using a moderately or most effective contraceptive method was approximately 65% among all four groups. Contraceptive method use did not differ by parity among non-Latina White women. However, parous Mexican-American women were 1.5 times more likely to use moderately or most effective contraceptive methods than nulliparous Mexican-American women (adjusted probability 66.1% vs 42.7%). Parous foreign-born women were 1.8 times more likely to use most or moderately effective contraceptive methods than their nulliparous counterparts (64.5% vs 36.0%), and parous Mexican women in Mexico were three times more likely to use moderately or most effective contraceptive methods (65.2% vs 21.5%).
Findings suggest that access to effective contraception is limited outside the context of childbearing for women of Mexican origin in the United States and, to an even larger extent, in Mexico.
检查四个种族和出生地群体的生育情况：美国非拉丁裔白人女性、美国墨西哥裔女性、美国出生的墨西哥裔外国女性和墨西哥的墨西哥女性。
我们结合了来自美国全国家庭增长调查和墨西哥全国人口动态调查的有生育能力的 15-44 岁、不寻求怀孕的女性的全国代表性数据。这是一项二次跨国分析。使用多变量逻辑回归，我们按种族和出生地以及生育次数估计了使用中度或最有效的避孕方法（与最不有效或无避孕方法相比）的流行率，并检验了种族和出生地与生育次数之间的相互作用。
与非拉丁裔白人女性相比，墨西哥裔女性使用中度或最有效的避孕方法的可能性较低（调整后的优势比 [aOR] [95%CI] 墨西哥裔美国女性：0.69 [0.54-0.87]；外国出生的女性：0.67 [0.48-0.95]；墨西哥的墨西哥女性：0.59 [0.40-0.87]）。在多产妇中，所有四个群体使用中度或最有效的避孕方法的调整概率约为 65%。非拉丁裔白人女性的生育次数对避孕方法的使用没有差异。然而，与初产妇相比，生育过的墨西哥裔美国女性使用中度或最有效的避孕方法的可能性高 1.5 倍（调整后的概率为 66.1% 比 42.7%）。生育过的外国出生女性使用最或中度有效的避孕方法的可能性比其初产妇高 1.8 倍（64.5%比 36.0%），而墨西哥的生育过的墨西哥女性使用中度或最有效的避孕方法的可能性高 3 倍（65.2%比 21.5%）。
研究结果表明，在美国，墨西哥裔女性在生育之外获得有效避孕的机会有限，而在墨西哥，这种机会甚至更大。
