Newcombe Nora S, Hegarty Mary, Uttal David
Department of Psychology, Temple University.
Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara.
Top Cogn Sci. 2023 Jan;15(1):6-14. doi: 10.1111/tops.12626. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
The aim of this issue is to take stock of cognitive science of human variation in the field of spatial navigation, an important domain in which debates have often assumed an invariant human mind. Addressing the challenge of individual differences requires cognitive scientists to change their practices in several ways. First, we need to consider how to design measures and paradigms that have adequate psychometric characteristics. Second, using reliable, efficient, and valid measures, we need to examine how people vary from time to time, both in the short run due to emotions, such as stress or time pressure, and in the longer run, due to training or living in physical environments that require wayfinding skills. Third, we need to study people different from the traditional college participants, including variations in age, gender, education, culture, physical environment, and possible interactions among these variables.
本期的目的是对空间导航领域中人类变异的认知科学进行评估，这是一个重要领域，其中的争论常常假定人类思维是不变的。应对个体差异的挑战要求认知科学家在几个方面改变他们的做法。首先，我们需要考虑如何设计具有足够心理测量学特征的测量方法和范式。其次，使用可靠、高效和有效的测量方法，我们需要研究人们如何随时间变化，短期来看是由于情绪，如压力或时间压力，长期来看则是由于训练或生活在需要寻路技能的物理环境中。第三，我们需要研究与传统大学生参与者不同的人群，包括年龄、性别、教育程度、文化、物理环境的差异以及这些变量之间可能的相互作用。
