Zheng Qi, Reid Glen, Eccles Michael R, Stayner Cherie
Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Front Physiol. 2022 Sep 20;13:1006427. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1006427. eCollection 2022.
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a significant cause of end-stage kidney failure and there are few effective drugs for treating this inherited condition. Numerous aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to PKD pathogenesis by participating in multiple intracellular and intercellular functions through post-transcriptional regulation of protein-encoding genes. Insights into the mechanisms of miRNAs and other ncRNAs in the development of PKD may provide novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the roles of dysregulated miRNAs and other ncRNAs in PKD. These roles involve multiple aspects of cellular function including mitochondrial metabolism, proliferation, cell death, fibrosis and cell-to-cell communication. We also summarize the potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in PKD, and briefly describe strategies to overcome the challenges of delivering RNA to the kidney, providing a better understanding of the fundamental advances in utilizing miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs to treat PKD.
多囊肾病（PKD）是终末期肾衰竭的一个重要原因，而治疗这种遗传性疾病的有效药物很少。大量异常表达的非编码RNA（ncRNA），特别是微小RNA（miRNA），可能通过对蛋白质编码基因的转录后调控参与多种细胞内和细胞间功能，从而导致PKD的发病机制。深入了解miRNA和其他ncRNA在PKD发生发展中的机制可能会提供新的治疗策略。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前关于失调的miRNA和其他ncRNA在PKD中的作用的知识。这些作用涉及细胞功能的多个方面，包括线粒体代谢、增殖、细胞死亡、纤维化和细胞间通讯。我们还总结了miRNA作为PKD生物标志物或治疗靶点的潜在应用，并简要描述了克服将RNA递送至肾脏所面临挑战的策略，以便更好地理解利用miRNA和其他非编码RNA治疗PKD的基础进展。
