期待酒精的神经基础：安慰剂酒精给药改变伏隔核静息状态功能连接。
Neural underpinnings of expecting alcohol: Placebo alcohol administration alters nucleus accumbens resting state functional connectivity.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
出版信息
Behav Brain Res. 2023 Feb 2;437:114148. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114148. Epub 2022 Oct 4.
BACKGROUND
Using balanced placebo designs, seminal alcohol administration research has shown individuals' beliefs about whether they have consumed alcohol, irrespective of the actual presence of alcohol, can determine level of alcohol consumption and impact social behavior. Despite the known effect of expecting alcohol on drinking behavior, few studies have used the placebo manipulation to directly investigate the neural underpinnings of the expectancy-related effects that occur following perceived alcohol consumption in humans. The present paper examined placebo responses in the laboratory to better understand the neural basis for the psychological phenomenon of expectancies.
METHODS
As part of a larger within-subjects study design, healthy young adults (N = 22, age=23 +1) completed resting state fMRI scans and measures of subjective response before and after consuming placebo beverages. Effect of placebo beverage consumption (pre- versus post-beverage consumption) on functional connectivity within prefrontal cortical networks was examined using the CONN Toolbox. Relations between perceived subjective response to alcohol with functional connectivity response following placebo beverage consumption were examined.
RESULTS
Compared to pre-beverage scan, placebo beverage consumption was associated with increased positive functional connectivity between right nucleus accumbens - ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subcallosal cingulate cortex (p<0.05). Subjective ratings of intoxication (i.e., feeling 'drunk') positively correlated with placebo beverage-related increases in nucleus accumbens - subcallosal cingulate cortex functional connectivity.
CONCLUSION
Results suggest placebo response to alcohol is associated with increased functional connectivity within a key reward network (nucleus accumbens - ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subcallosal cingulate cortex) and put forth a mechanism by which alcohol expectancies may contribute to the subjective experience of intoxication.
背景
使用平衡安慰剂设计，精液酒精给药研究表明，个体对自己是否饮酒的信念，无论实际是否存在酒精，都可以决定饮酒量并影响社交行为。尽管人们已经知道预期酒精对饮酒行为的影响，但很少有研究使用安慰剂操作直接研究人类感知饮酒后与预期相关的效应的神经基础。本文通过实验室中的安慰剂反应来更好地理解期望这一心理现象的神经基础。
方法
作为一项更大的被试内研究设计的一部分，健康的年轻成年人（N=22，年龄=23+1）在饮用安慰剂饮料前后完成静息状态 fMRI 扫描和主观反应测量。使用 CONN 工具箱检查安慰剂饮料摄入（摄入前与摄入后）对前额皮质网络内功能连接的影响。检查对酒精的主观感知反应与饮用安慰剂饮料后功能连接反应之间的关系。
结果
与摄入前扫描相比，安慰剂饮料摄入与右侧伏隔核-腹内侧前额皮质和胼胝体下扣带回之间的正功能连接增加有关（p<0.05）。醉酒感的主观评分（即“感觉醉酒”）与伏隔核-胼胝体下扣带回功能连接的安慰剂饮料相关增加呈正相关。
结论
结果表明，对酒精的安慰剂反应与关键奖励网络（伏隔核-腹内侧前额皮质和胼胝体下扣带回）内的功能连接增加有关，并提出了一种机制，即酒精期望可能有助于醉酒的主观体验。
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