Ferguson-Smith Malcolm A, Pereira Jorge C, Borges Ana, Kasai Fumio
Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK.
Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), AL 4AnimalS, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
Mol Cytogenet. 2022 Oct 7;15(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s13039-022-00622-0.
The history of comparative chromosome mapping is briefly reviewed, with discussion about the problem that occurs in chromosome painting when size heteromorphisms between homologues cause contamination in chromosomes sorted by flow cytometry that are used in the preparation of chromosome-specific DNA probes.
As an example, we show in the alpaca (Vicagna pacos) that sequencing of contaminated chromosome sorts can reveal chromosome homologies from alignment with human and mouse genome reference sequences. The procedure identifies syntenic blocks of DNA separated in the human karyotype that are associated in the closely related alpaca and dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) karyotypes. This example provides proof of principal for the validity of the method for comparative chromosome mapping.
It is suggested that the approach presented here may have application in the construction of comparative chromosome maps between distantly related taxa, such as monotremes and mammals.
简要回顾了比较染色体图谱的历史，并讨论了同源染色体之间的大小异质性在染色体涂染过程中导致用于制备染色体特异性DNA探针的流式细胞仪分选染色体受到污染时出现的问题。
例如，我们在羊驼（小羊驼）中表明，对受污染的染色体分选样本进行测序可以通过与人类和小鼠基因组参考序列比对揭示染色体同源性。该过程识别出在人类核型中分离但在亲缘关系密切的羊驼和单峰骆驼（骆驼属单峰骆驼）核型中相关联的DNA同线性区域。这个例子为比较染色体图谱绘制方法的有效性提供了原理证明。
建议此处提出的方法可能适用于构建远缘类群（如单孔目动物和哺乳动物）之间的比较染色体图谱。
